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Diversification strategy, capital structure, and the Asian financial crisis (1997–1998): evidence from Singapore firms

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  • Elizabeth Ngah‐Kiing Lim
  • Shobha S. Das
  • Amit Das

Abstract

We use agency theory to predict the influence of related and unrelated product diversification on a firm's level of debt financing. Further, we argue that the link between diversification and capital structure is moderated by the environment in which firms operate. Using SAS PROC MIXED, we fit a mixed‐effects model to our unique six‐year longitudinal dataset (1995–2000) of 245 publicly listed Singapore firms. Our data spans the period of the Asian Financial Crisis (1997–1998). We find that firms pursuing unrelated product diversification take on less debt financing in stable environments, but more debt financing in dynamic environments. Using longitudinal structural equation modeling, we find a reciprocal relationship between a firm's product diversification strategy and its debt financing level. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Suggested Citation

  • Elizabeth Ngah‐Kiing Lim & Shobha S. Das & Amit Das, 2009. "Diversification strategy, capital structure, and the Asian financial crisis (1997–1998): evidence from Singapore firms," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 30(6), pages 577-594, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:stratm:v:30:y:2009:i:6:p:577-594
    DOI: 10.1002/smj.752
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    Cited by:

    1. Yi Jiang & Mike Peng, 2011. "Principal-principal conflicts during crisis," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 28(4), pages 683-695, December.
    2. Wan Mohd Nazri Wan Daud & Norlia Mat Norwani & Anizawati Ahmad Mansor & Wan Anisah Endut, 2016. "Does Financing Decision Influence Corporate Performance in Malaysia?," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 6(3), pages 1165-1171.
    3. Ariefianto, Moch. Doddy & Trinugroho, Irwan & Yustika, Ahmad Erani & Soedarmono, Wahyoe, 2020. "The Role of Business Sophistication, Revenue Diversification, and Labor Relations on Firm Financing Choice," Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, vol. 54(3), pages 101-115.
    4. Zúñiga-Vicente, José Ángel & Benito-Osorio, Diana & Guerras-Martín, Luis Ángel & Colino, Alberto, 2019. "The effects of international diversification on the link between product diversification and performance in a boom and bust cycle: Evidence from Spanish firms (1994–2014)," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 25(4).
    5. Ljubownikow, Grigorij & Ang, Siah Hwee, 2020. "Competition, diversification and performance," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 81-94.
    6. Garrido-Prada, Pablo & Delgado-Rodriguez, Maria Jesús & Romero-Jordán, Desiderio, 2019. "Effect of product and geographic diversification on company performance: Evidence during an economic crisis," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 37(3), pages 269-286.
    7. Goran Calic & Moren Lévesque & Anton Shevchenko, 2024. "On why women-owned businesses take more time to secure microloans," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 63(3), pages 917-938, October.
    8. Krammer, Sorin, 2021. "Navigating The New Normal: Which Firms Have Adapted Better To The Covid-19 Disruption?," MPRA Paper 109485, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    9. Hai Guo & Zhuen Yang & Ran Huang & Anqi Guo, 2020. "The digitalization and public crisis responses of small and medium enterprises: Implications from a COVID-19 survey," Frontiers of Business Research in China, Springer, vol. 14(1), pages 1-25, December.
    10. Luis R. Gomez–Mejia & Joanna Tochman Campbell & Geoffrey Martin & Robert E. Hoskisson & Marianna Makri & David G. Sirmon, 2014. "Socioemotional Wealth as a Mixed Gamble: Revisiting Family Firm R&D Investments with the Behavioral Agency Model," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 38(6), pages 1351-1374, November.
    11. Ramaswamy, Kannan & Purkayastha, Saptarshi & Petitt, Barbara S., 2017. "How do institutional transitions impact the efficacy of related and unrelated diversification strategies used by business groups?," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 1-13.
    12. Krammer, Sorin M.S., 2022. "Navigating the New Normal: Which firms have adapted better to the COVID-19 disruption?," Technovation, Elsevier, vol. 110(C).
    13. Danso, Albert & Lartey, Theophilus & Amankwah-Amoah, Joseph & Adomako, Samuel & Lu, Qinye & Uddin, Moshfique, 2019. "Market sentiment and firm investment decision-making," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    14. Fotis Kitsios & Evangelia Nousopoulou & Maria Kamariotou, 2023. "Dynamic Capabilities and Digital Transformation in the COVID-19 Era: Implications from Driving Schools," Logistics, MDPI, vol. 7(4), pages 1-12, November.
    15. Khalil Jebran & Shihua Chen, 2023. "Can we learn lessons from the past? COVID‐19 crisis and corporate governance responses," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(1), pages 421-429, January.
    16. Zhen Huang & Weiwei Gao, 2022. "Has the past really passed? Strategic inertia and capital structure persistence," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 43(4), pages 883-893, June.

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