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Phenotypic Bias and Ethnic Identity in Filipino Americans

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  • Lisa Kiang
  • David T. Takeuchi

Abstract

Objective. Links between phenotypes (skin tone, physical features) and a range of outcomes (income, physical health, psychological distress) were examined. Ethnic identity was examined as a protective moderator of phenotypic bias. Method. Data were from a community sample of 2,092 Filipino adults in San Francisco and Honolulu. Results. After controlling for age, nativity, marital status, and education, darker skin was associated with lower income and lower physical health for females and males. For females, more ethnic features were associated with lower income. For males, darker skin was related to lower psychological distress. One interaction was found such that females with more ethnic features exhibited lower distress; however, ethnic identity moderated distress levels of those with less ethnic features. Conclusions. Phenotypic bias appears prevalent in Filipino Americans though specific effects vary by gender and skin color versus physical features. Discussion centers on the social importance of appearance and potential strengths gained from ethnic identification.

Suggested Citation

  • Lisa Kiang & David T. Takeuchi, 2009. "Phenotypic Bias and Ethnic Identity in Filipino Americans," Social Science Quarterly, Southwestern Social Science Association, vol. 90(2), pages 428-445, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:socsci:v:90:y:2009:i:2:p:428-445
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6237.2009.00625.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Tyroler, H.A. & James, S.A., 1978. "Blood pressure and skin color," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 68(12), pages 1170-1172.
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    Cited by:

    1. Hersch, Joni, 2024. "Colorism and Immigrant Earnings in the United States, 2015–2024," IZA Discussion Papers 17397, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. Tracy MacIntosh & Mayur M Desai & Tene T Lewis & Beth A Jones & Marcella Nunez-Smith, 2013. "Socially-Assigned Race, Healthcare Discrimination and Preventive Healthcare Services," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(5), pages 1-7, May.
    3. Krista M. Perreira & Joshua Wassink & Kathleen Mullan Harris, 2019. "Beyond Race/Ethnicity: Skin Color, Gender, and the Health of Young Adults in the United States," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 38(2), pages 271-299, April.

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