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Classification of regions according to the dominant innovation barriers: The characteristics and stability of region types in Germany

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  • Tobias Johannes Hertrich
  • Thomas Brenner

Abstract

Lagging regions differ in their characteristics, implying a need for tailor‐made policy measures to improve the economic situation in these regions. However, while there are differences between these regions, certain types of regions might exist that share the same obstacles to innovations, allowing for taking similar political measures. This paper examines whether such types of regions can be identified in Germany, what characteristics they possess, and how they change. For this purpose, regional characteristics that are related to innovation barriers are identified and operationalized. Then, a cluster analysis is conducted for the German labor market area. While the identified types of regions are in some way or another also discussed in the literature, the paper provides for the first time a classification within one empirical framework and allows for the study of the dynamics of the types of regions as well as the dynamics within each region inside this framework. The correspondence with the existing knowledge about German regions confirms that it is possible to do such a classification using quantitative data. Furthermore, the stability of the types of regions confirms that such a classification can be considered a good basis for policy measures. The results also depict trends that might lead to problems in the future and require policy attention. Las regiones rezagadas difieren en sus características, lo que implica la necesidad de medidas políticas a medida para mejorar la situación económica de estas regiones. Sin embargo, aunque existen diferencias entre estas regiones, pueden existir ciertos tipos de regiones que comparten los mismos obstáculos a las innovaciones, lo que permite tomar medidas políticas similares. Este artículo examina si es posible identificar este tipo de regiones en Alemania, qué características poseen y cómo cambian. Para ello, se identifican y operacionalizan las características regionales relacionadas con las barreras a la innovación. A continuación, se realiza un análisis de conglomerados para el área del mercado laboral alemán. Aunque los tipos de regiones identificados se discuten también en la literatura de una u otra forma, el artículo proporciona por primera vez una clasificación dentro de un marco empírico y permite estudiar la dinámica de los tipos de regiones, así como la dinámica en cada región dentro de este marco. La correspondencia con los conocimientos existentes sobre las regiones alemanas confirma que es posible hacer una clasificación de este tipo utilizando datos cuantitativos. Además, la estabilidad de los tipos de regiones confirma que dicha clasificación puede considerarse una buena base para las medidas políticas. Los resultados también describen tendencias que podrían plantear problemas en el futuro y requerir atención política. 後進地域はその特性が異なるため、地域の経済状況を改善するための政策措置として、その地域特有の政策が必要であると考えられる。これらの地域には違いがあるものの、イノベーションに対する障害が共通している、ある特定のタイプの地域が存在する可能性があり、そうした地域で同様の政治的措置をとることができる。本稿では、このようなタイプの地域がドイツおいて特定できるか、その地域はどのような特徴があり、どのように変化するかを検討した。この目的のために、イノベーションに対する障壁に関連する地域の特性を特定し、操作化する。次に、ドイツの労働市場地域についてクラスター分析を行った。特定された地域のタイプは研究論文でも何らかの形で議論されているが、本稿は初めて一つの実証的フレームワーク内での分類を提示し、各地域内のダイナミクス及び地域のタイプのダイナミクスの、このフレームワーク内での研究を可能にした。ドイツの地域に関する既存の研究論文への通信により、定量的データを用いてこのような分類が可能であることを確認した。さらに、地域のタイプの安定性は、このような分類が政策措置の良い基礎になると考えられることの裏付けとなる。また、この結果から、将来の問題につながり、政策的な注意が必要となる可能性があることが指摘される。

Suggested Citation

  • Tobias Johannes Hertrich & Thomas Brenner, 2023. "Classification of regions according to the dominant innovation barriers: The characteristics and stability of region types in Germany," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 15(9), pages 2182-2223, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:rgscpp:v:15:y:2023:i:9:p:2182-2223
    DOI: 10.1111/rsp3.12711
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