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Spatio‐temporal patterns of the impact of COVID‐19 on public transit: An exploratory analysis from Lyon, France

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  • Benjamin Cottreau
  • Adel Adraoui
  • Ouassim Manout
  • Louafi Bouzouina

Abstract

Public transit has been highly impacted by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), as well as transport demand in general. Using high‐resolution data from smart card systems, this research investigates spatial and temporal variability of the pandemic's impact on public transit in Lyon, France. The study was conducted with a sample of 95,779 daily records, distributed over years (2019, 2020, and 2021) and public transit stops (520 bus rapid transit stops, 88 tramway stops, and 40 subway stops). Clustering and statistical methods are used to assess changes observed in the data. Findings highlight variability between modes in terms of intensity of impacts, recovery patterns, and stability of the shock over time. Results show that central areas recover worse than peripheral areas and west stops recover worse than east stops. Globally, effects of COVID‐19 clear up over time, but not totally, with a faster recovery for subway. Local analysis on specific stops also suggests that public transit associated with medical facilities endures less COVID‐19 impacts than employment zones or universities. El transporte público se ha visto muy afectado por la enfermedad del coronavirus 2019 (COVID‐19), así como la demanda de transporte en general. Utilizando datos de alta resolución procedentes de sistemas de tarjetas inteligentes, esta investigación estudia la variabilidad espacial y temporal del impacto de la pandemia en el transporte público de Lyon (Francia). El estudio se realizó con una muestra de 95.779 registros diarios, distribuidos en tres años (2019, 2020 y 2021) y de paradas de transporte público (520 paradas de autobús de tránsito rápido, 88 paradas de tranvía y 40 paradas de metro). Se utilizaron métodos estadísticos y de agrupación para evaluar los cambios observados en los datos. Los resultados ponen de relieve la variabilidad intermodal en términos de la intensidad de los impactos, los patrones de recuperación y la estabilidad de la perturbación a lo largo del tiempo. Los resultados muestran que las zonas centrales se recuperan peor que las periféricas y las paradas del oeste peor que las del este. En total, los efectos de COVID‐19 desaparecen con el tiempo, pero no totalmente, con una recuperación más rápida para el metro. El análisis local sobre paradas específicas también sugiere que el transporte público asociado a instalaciones médicas soporta menos impactos de COVID‐19 que las zonas de empleo o las universidades. 公共交通機関は、輸送需要全般と同様に、新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID‐19)による大きな影響を受けている。本研究では、スマートカードシステムの高解像度データを使用して、フランスのリヨンの公共交通機関に対するパンデミックの影響の空間的および時間的変動を調査する。この研究は、2019年、2020年、及び2021年に配信された95,779件の毎日の記録からのサンプル、および公共交通機関の駅又は停留所(バス高速輸送システムの520の停留所、トラムの88の駅、地下鉄の40の駅)を対象に実施した。データから観察された変化を評価するために、クラスタリングおよび統計的手法を用いた。調査結果から、影響の大きさ、回復パターン、および時間の経過に伴うショックの不変性に関して、交通機関の種類によってばらつきがあることが強調される。その結果、中心部は周辺部よりも回復が遅れており、西部の駅又は停留所は東部よりも回復が遅れていることがわかった。COVID‐19の影響は、時間の経過とともに明確になるが、世界的に見て、完全にではないものの、地下鉄の回復が早い。また、特定の駅又は停留所に関する地域分析から、医療施設に関連する公共交通機関は、雇用ゾーンや大学よりもCOVID‐19による影響が少ないことが示唆される。

Suggested Citation

  • Benjamin Cottreau & Adel Adraoui & Ouassim Manout & Louafi Bouzouina, 2023. "Spatio‐temporal patterns of the impact of COVID‐19 on public transit: An exploratory analysis from Lyon, France," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 15(8), pages 1702-1721, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:rgscpp:v:15:y:2023:i:8:p:1702-1721
    DOI: 10.1111/rsp3.12718
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    References listed on IDEAS

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