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How “institutionalization” can work. Structuring governance for digital transformation in Italy

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  • Marco Di Giulio
  • Giancarlo Vecchi

Abstract

Public policy scholars have recently focused on the mechanisms accounting for the sustainability of major policy changes. Among the strategies by which policy entrepreneurs may try to avoid future backlash institutionalization is certainly one of the most used. Yet, it can foster ossification and eventually jeopardize policy effectiveness. Such a potential trade‐off between institutionalization and long‐term effectiveness is particularly intense in policies concerning technological innovation because the necessity to create winning coalitions can undermine the required absorption capacity needed by government to engage the innovation ecosystems. This paper explores such a trade‐off with a case study on the Italian policy for public sector's digital transformation. The case is theoretically promising because over three decades institutionalization has always represented the main overall strategy adopted by policymaker, but only the 2016 initiative emerged as a “success.” In this sense, the case study can focus on the mechanisms activated by policy entrepreneurs to trigger and entrench change. Los estudiosos de las políticas públicas se han centrado recientemente en los mecanismos que dan cuenta de la sostenibilidad de los principales cambios de política. Entre las estrategias mediante las cuales los empresarios de políticas pueden tratar de evitar futuras reacciones adversas, la institucionalización es sin duda una de las más utilizadas. Sin embargo, puede fomentar la osificación y, finalmente, poner en peligro la eficacia de las políticas. Tal compensación potencial entre la institucionalización y la efectividad a largo plazo es particularmente intensa en las políticas relacionadas con la innovación tecnológica porque la necesidad de crear coaliciones ganadoras puede socavar la capacidad de absorción requerida por el gobierno para involucrar a los ecosistemas de innovación. Este documento explora tal compensación con un estudio de caso sobre la política italiana para la transformación digital del sector público. El caso es teóricamente prometedor porque durante tres décadas la institucionalización siempre ha representado la principal estrategia general adoptada por los formuladores de políticas, pero solo la iniciativa de 2016 surgió como un “éxito”. En este sentido, el estudio de caso puede centrarse en los mecanismos activados por los empresarios de políticas para desencadenar y afianzar el cambio. 公共政策学者近期聚焦于重大政策变革的可持续性背后的机制。在政策企业家用于试图避免未来冲突的策略中, 制度化一定是最常用的策略之一。然而,它能促进僵化并最终破坏政策的有效性。在关于技术创新的政策中, 制度化和长期有效性之间的潜在得失尤其强烈,因为建立获胜联盟的必要性可能会破坏政府用于参与创新生态系统所需的吸收能力。本文以意大利公共部门数字转型政策为例, 探究了这种得失。该案例在理论上是有前景的,因为在过去的30年里, 制度化一直代表了决策者所采纳的主要总体战略,但只有2016年的倡议取得了“成功”。照此, 该案例研究能聚焦于政策企业家为触发和巩固变革而启动的机制。

Suggested Citation

  • Marco Di Giulio & Giancarlo Vecchi, 2023. "How “institutionalization” can work. Structuring governance for digital transformation in Italy," Review of Policy Research, Policy Studies Organization, vol. 40(3), pages 406-432, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:revpol:v:40:y:2023:i:3:p:406-432
    DOI: 10.1111/ropr.12488
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