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Local Renewable Energy Initiatives in Germany and Japan in a Changing National Policy Environment

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  • Carol Hager
  • Nicole Hamagami

Abstract

Our article explores the contribution of local initiatives to the creation of path dependencies for energy transition in Germany and Japan in the face of resistance from entrenched incumbents at the national level. We use a process‐tracing methodology based partly on interviews with local participants. In particular, we explore the role of local initiatives in securing “socio‐political space” for the expansion of renewable energy (RE) and in embedding themselves in “ecosystems” of public and private institutions. German energy activists were more successful than their Japanese counterparts in expanding this space and creating positive feedback in part because they were able to build horizontal networks that anchored the energy transition firmly in local communities. Although problems with grid technology have led to retrenchment in both cases, Japanese activists' reliance on vertical networks has limited their ability to weather a backlash from national government and utility actors. Our study demonstrates the interaction of political, economic/technological, and legitimation paths to energy transition and highlights the importance of the latter two. 我们的文章探究了在面对权力稳固的国家在位者的抵制时,地方倡议计划对德国和日本能源转型路径依赖的产生所做的贡献。我们使用一种追踪过程的方法论,该方法论部分基于与地方参与者的访谈。特别地,我们探究了地方倡议计划在为扩大可再生能源(RE)争取“社会‐政治空间”时发挥的作用,以及在将倡议计划自身置入公共机构和私人机构的“生态系统”时发挥的作用。就扩大该空间和产生积极反馈而言,德国的能源活动人士比日本的做得更好,这部分归因于他们能建立将能源转型稳固地置入地方社群的水平网络。尽管与电网技术相关的问题已导致两国的开支缩减,但日本活动人士对垂直网络的依赖限制了其在面对国家政府和公共事业行动者的抵制时的承受能力。我们的研究证明了能源转型的政治路径、经济/技术路径、和合法化路径之间的相互影响,并强调了后两项的重要性。 Nuestro artículo explora la contribución de las iniciativas locales a la creación de dependencias de caminos para la transición energética en Alemania y Japón ante la resistencia de los titulares arraigados a nivel nacional. Utilizamos una metodología de rastreo de procesos basada en parte en entrevistas con participantes locales. En particular, exploramos el papel de las iniciativas locales para asegurar el "espacio sociopolítico" para la expansión de las energías renovables (ER) y para integrarse en los "ecosistemas" de las instituciones públicas y privadas. Los activistas energéticos alemanes tuvieron más éxito que sus homólogos japoneses en la expansión de este espacio y en la creación de comentarios positivos, en parte porque pudieron construir redes horizontales que anclaron la transición energética firmemente en las comunidades locales. Aunque los problemas con la tecnología de red han llevado a una reducción en ambos casos, la dependencia de los activistas japoneses en las redes verticales ha limitado su capacidad de resistir una reacción violenta del gobierno nacional y los actores de los servicios públicos. Nuestro estudio demuestra la interacción de caminos políticos, económicos / tecnológicos y de legitimación para la transición energética y destaca la importancia de los dos últimos.

Suggested Citation

  • Carol Hager & Nicole Hamagami, 2020. "Local Renewable Energy Initiatives in Germany and Japan in a Changing National Policy Environment," Review of Policy Research, Policy Studies Organization, vol. 37(3), pages 386-411, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:revpol:v:37:y:2020:i:3:p:386-411
    DOI: 10.1111/ropr.12372
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Martens, Katrin, 2022. "Investigating subnational success conditions to foster renewable energy community co-operatives," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C).
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