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Multilateralism and Hub‐and‐Spoke Bilateralism

Author

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  • Hiroshi Mukunoki
  • Kentaro Tachi

Abstract

This paper studies sequential negotiations of bilateral free‐trade agreements in an oligopoly model. The expansion of trading blocs through overlapping trade agreements allows the option of hub‐and‐spoke systems and achieves multilateral free trade as the equilibrium path, even if the expansion of trading blocs through the acceptance of new members is not feasible. The results suggest that free‐trade areas (FTAs) tend to expand more than customs unions (CUs). Lobbying by a producer can either promote or undermine the achievement of multilateral free trade through overlapping FTAs.

Suggested Citation

  • Hiroshi Mukunoki & Kentaro Tachi, 2006. "Multilateralism and Hub‐and‐Spoke Bilateralism," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 14(4), pages 658-674, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:reviec:v:14:y:2006:i:4:p:658-674
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9396.2006.00636.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Carsten Kowalczyk & Ronald J. Wonnacott, 1992. "Hubs and Spokes, and Free Trade in the Americas," NBER Working Papers 4198, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Kowalczyk, C. & Wannacott, R.J., 1992. "Hubs and Spokes, and Free Trade in the Americas," University of Western Ontario, Departmental Research Report Series 9209, University of Western Ontario, Department of Economics.
    3. Baldwin,Richard & Haapararanta,Pertti & Kiander,Jaakko (ed.), 1995. "Expanding Membership of the European Union," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521481342, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Zhang, Jin & Cui, Zhiwei & Zu, Lei, 2014. "The evolution of free trade networks," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 72-86.
    2. Furusawa, Taiji & Konishi, Hideo, 2007. "Free trade networks," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 72(2), pages 310-335, July.
    3. James Lake, 2017. "Free Trade Agreements As Dynamic Farsighted Networks," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 55(1), pages 31-50, January.
    4. Yujiro Kawasaki & Kenmei Tsubota, 2019. "Myopic or farsighted: bilateral trade agreements among three symmetric countries," Letters in Spatial and Resource Sciences, Springer, vol. 12(3), pages 233-256, December.
    5. Yasushi Kawabata, 2024. "Industrial Policy and Regional Trade Agreements," Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade, Springer, vol. 24(1), pages 1-27, December.
    6. Halis Murat Yildiz, 2014. "Hub and spoke trade agreements under oligopoly with asymmetric costs," The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(1), pages 97-110, February.
    7. Elie Appelbaum & Mark Melatos, 2018. "Are Customs Unions Really So Scarce?," The Economic Record, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 94(307), pages 391-404, December.
    8. repec:smu:ecowpa:1403 is not listed on IDEAS
    9. Yasunori Okumura, 2015. "Free Trade Networks on Non-tariff Barriers," Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade, Springer, vol. 15(3), pages 223-238, September.
    10. Kawabata, Yasushi, 2015. "Endogenous formation of free trade agreements in vertically related markets," Research in Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(2), pages 214-223.
    11. Akira Okada & Yasuhiro Shirata, 2021. "The Formation of Global Free Trade Agreement," Papers 2103.16118, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2021.
    12. Hayakawa, Kazunobu & Mukunoki,Hiroshi & Kimura,Fukunari & Urata,Shujiro, 2023. "Determinants of the rules of origin in regional trade agreements in Asia," IDE Discussion Papers 882, Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization(JETRO).
    13. Jong Hee Park & Byung Koo Kim, 2020. "Why your neighbor matters: Positions in preferential trade agreement networks and export growth in global value chains," Economics and Politics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 32(3), pages 381-410, November.
    14. Masahiro Endoh, 2006. "Quality of Governance and the Formation of Preferential Trade Agreements," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 14(5), pages 758-772, November.
    15. Hiroshi Daisaka & Taiji Furusawa, 2014. "Dynamic Free Trade Networks: Some Numerical Results," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 22(3), pages 469-487, August.
    16. Fumi Kiyotaki & Toshiji Miyakawa, 2013. "Barriers to Global Free Trade through Bilateral Agreements," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 21(3), pages 536-548, August.

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