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Rethinking the African AIDS Epidemic

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  • John C. Caldwell

Abstract

Half the AIDS victims in the world are in East and Southern Africa, where adult HIV sero‐prevalence was 11.4 percent by the end of 1997 and over 25 percent in two countries of Southern Africa. HIV/AIDS infection is not the result of ignorance, as nearly everyone has sufficient knowledge about AIDS and how it is transmitted. The high levels of AIDS arise from the failure of African political and religious leaders to recognize social and sexual reality. The means for containing and conquering the epidemic are already known, and could prove effective if the leadership could be induced to adopt them. The lack of individual behavioral change and of the implementation of effective government policy has roots in attitudes to death and a silence about the epidemic arising from beliefs about its nature and the timing of death. International responsibility may have to be taken before the needed effective policies are put in place.

Suggested Citation

  • John C. Caldwell, 2000. "Rethinking the African AIDS Epidemic," Population and Development Review, The Population Council, Inc., vol. 26(1), pages 117-135, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:popdev:v:26:y:2000:i:1:p:117-135
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1728-4457.2000.00117.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Caldwell, John C. & Orubuloye, I.O. & Caldwell, Pat, 1992. "Underreaction to AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 34(11), pages 1169-1182, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Levy, Amnon, 2002. "A lifetime portfolio of risky and risk-free sexual behaviour and the prevalence of AIDS," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 21(6), pages 993-1007, November.
    2. Xue Qiao, 2012. "Unsafe sex, AIDS and development," Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 105(3), pages 263-279, April.
    3. Shelley Clark, 2010. "Extra-marital sexual partnerships and male friendships in rural Malawi," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 22(1), pages 1-28.
    4. Timothy J. Hatton & Jeffrey G. Williamson, 2003. "Demographic and Economic Pressure on Emigration out of Africa," Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 105(3), pages 465-486, September.
    5. World Bank, 2001. "Namibia : Selected Development Impact of HIV/AIDS," World Bank Publications - Reports 15697, The World Bank Group.
    6. Gianmarco León & Edward Miguel, 2017. "Risky Transportation Choices and the Value of a Statistical Life," American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, American Economic Association, vol. 9(1), pages 202-228, January.
    7. León-Ciliotta, Gianmarco & Miguel, Edward, 2013. "Transportation Choices and the Value of Statistical Life," Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt2466n61j, Department of Economics, Institute for Business and Economic Research, UC Berkeley.
    8. Smith, Kirsten P. & Watkins, Susan Cotts, 2005. "Perceptions of risk and strategies for prevention: responses to HIV/AIDS in rural Malawi," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 60(3), pages 649-660, February.
    9. Sieds, 2013. "Complete Volume LXVII n.3-4 2013," RIEDS - Rivista Italiana di Economia, Demografia e Statistica - The Italian Journal of Economic, Demographic and Statistical Studies, SIEDS Societa' Italiana di Economia Demografia e Statistica, vol. 67(3-4), pages 1-244, July-Dece.
    10. Kirsten P. Smith & Susan Cotts Watkins, 2005. "Perceptions of Risk and Strategies for Prevention: Responses to HIV/AIDS in Rural Malawi," PGDA Working Papers 0305, Program on the Global Demography of Aging.
    11. Dodoo, F. Nii-Amoo & Zulu, Eliya M. & Ezeh, Alex C., 2007. "Urban-rural differences in the socioeconomic deprivation-Sexual behavior link in Kenya," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 64(5), pages 1019-1031, March.
    12. Eric Neumayer, 2004. "HIV/AIDS and its impact on convergence in life expectancy, infant and child survival rates," HEW 0405001, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    13. World Bank, 2001. "Botswana : Selected Development Impact of HIV/AIDS," World Bank Publications - Reports 15536, The World Bank Group.
    14. Eliya Msiyaphazi Zulu & Gloria Chepngeno, 2003. "Spousal communication about the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS in rural Malawi," Demographic Research Special Collections, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 1(8), pages 247-278.
    15. Andréa Mannberg, 2012. "Risky Sex in a Risky World: Sexual Behavior in an HIV/AIDS Environment," Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 114(2), pages 296-322, June.
    16. Cordero Coma, Julia, 2014. "HIV prevention and marriage: Peer group effects on condom use acceptability in rural Kenya," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 169-177.
    17. Buyinza Faisal & Teera Joweria & Bateganya Fred Henry, 2017. "Consequences of HIV Infection on Household Assets and Human Capital Investment in Uganda: Micro Evidence," International Journal of Economics and Finance, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 9(12), pages 202-214, December.
    18. Michela C. Pellicani & Valeria Moro, 2013. "Age Structure Evolution In Some Sub-Saharan Countries: The Advantage Of Ageing," RIEDS - Rivista Italiana di Economia, Demografia e Statistica - The Italian Journal of Economic, Demographic and Statistical Studies, SIEDS Societa' Italiana di Economia Demografia e Statistica, vol. 67(3-4), pages 207-214, July-Dece.

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