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Does Dual Sourcing Lower Procurement Costs?

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  • THOMAS P. LYON

Abstract

U.S. defense policy encourages the use of dual sourcing to reduce government procurement costs, but recent theoretical work raises doubts about the benefits of this policy. I study the determinants of dual sourcing and its effects on government procurement costs using a panel dataset of tactical missiles. I find dual sourcing is not driven by failures to reduce costs; instead, it is used more often after incumbent suppliers demonstrate quality control problems, and in settings where tacit collusion is likely to be difficult. After correcting for selection bias, dual sourcing is found to reduce government procurement costs significantly.

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  • Thomas P. Lyon, 2006. "Does Dual Sourcing Lower Procurement Costs?," Journal of Industrial Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 54(2), pages 223-252, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:jindec:v:54:y:2006:i:2:p:223-252
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-6451.2006.00281.x
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    1. Jean-Jacques Laffont & Jean Tirole, 1993. "A Theory of Incentives in Procurement and Regulation," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 0262121743, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Wipprich, Mark, 2007. "Preisbindung als Kooperationsinstrument in Wertschöpfungsnetzwerken," Arbeitspapiere 60, University of Münster, Institute for Cooperatives.
    2. Emanuel Ornelas & John L. Turner, 2012. "Protection and International Sourcing," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 122(559), pages 26-63, March.
    3. Gong, Jiong & Li, Jianpei & McAfee, R. Preston, 2012. "Split-award contracts with investment," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 96(1), pages 188-197.
    4. Cuihong Li & Laurens G. Debo, 2009. "Strategic dynamic sourcing from competing suppliers with transferable capacity investment," Naval Research Logistics (NRL), John Wiley & Sons, vol. 56(6), pages 540-562, September.
    5. Ghoudi, Kilani & Hamdouch, Younes & Boulaksil, Youssef & Hamdan, Sadeque, 2024. "Supply chain coordination in a dual sourcing system under the Tailored Base-Surge policy," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 317(2), pages 533-549.
    6. Mats A. Bergman & David Granlund & Niklas Rudholm, 2017. "Squeezing the Last Drop Out of Your Suppliers: An Empirical Study of Market-Based Purchasing Policies for Generic Pharmaceuticals," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 79(6), pages 969-996, December.
    7. Anton, James J. & Brusco, Sandro & Lopomo, Giuseppe, 2010. "Split-award procurement auctions with uncertain scale economies: Theory and data," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 69(1), pages 24-41, May.
    8. Bergman, Mats & Granlund, David & Rudholm, Niklas, 2016. "Squeezing the last drop out of your suppliers: an empirical study of market-based purchasing policies for generic pharmaceuticals," HUI Working Papers 116, HUI Research.
    9. James J. Anton & Sandro Brusco & Giuseppe Lopomo, 2007. "Coordination in Split-Award Auctions with Uncertain Scale Economies: Theory and Data," Department of Economics Working Papers 07-02, Stony Brook University, Department of Economics.
    10. Yunjuan Liang & Xin Liang & Hua Wei, 2023. "Sustainable Quality-Incentive Contract Design of Public Technology Innovation Procurement under Asymmetry Information," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-22, May.
    11. Bergman , Mats A. & Granlund, David & Rudholm, Niklas, 2016. "Squeezing the last drop out of your suppliers: an empirical study of market-based purchasing policies for generic pharmaceuticals," Umeå Economic Studies 921, Umeå University, Department of Economics.
    12. Chiappinelli, Olga & Giuffrida, Leonardo M. & Spagnolo, Giancarlo, 2023. "Public procurement as an innovation policy: Where do we stand?," ZEW Discussion Papers 23-002, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    13. Li, Sanxi & Sun, Hailin & Yan, Jianye & Yu, Jun, 2015. "Bundling decisions in procurement auctions with sequential tasks," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 96-106.
    14. Jorge González Chapela & José M. Labeaga & Luis A. Medrano, 2019. "Further econometric evidence on the extent and sources of cost savings in competitively tendered contracts," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 56(2), pages 679-701, February.
    15. Cuihong Li & Laurens G. Debo, 2009. "Second Sourcing vs. Sole Sourcing with Capacity Investment and Asymmetric Information," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 11(3), pages 448-470, July.
    16. Vivek Bhattacharya, 2021. "An Empirical Model of R&D Procurement Contests: An Analysis of the DOD SBIR Program," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 89(5), pages 2189-2224, September.
    17. Strömbäck, Elon, 2015. "Policy by Public Procurement: Opportunities and Pitfalls," Umeå Economic Studies 915, Umeå University, Department of Economics.

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