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Investor Tax Heterogeneity and Ex‐Dividend Day Trading Volume

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  • DAN DHALIWAL
  • OLIVER ZHEN LI

Abstract

We propose that ex‐dividend day excess volume is motivated by tax heterogeneity among investors, and thus is increasing in investor tax heterogeneity. Institutional ownership is our measure of heterogeneity. Since investor heterogeneity is a concave function of institutional ownership, we hypothesize that ex‐day volume is a concave function of institutional ownership. Cross‐sectional tests support the tax‐motivated trading hypothesis. Additional tests, using trade size and pension ownership as proxies for institutional trades, yield similar results. We contribute to the literature by considering the interaction between payout policy and ownership structure in explaining the cross‐sectional variation in ex‐day volume.

Suggested Citation

  • Dan Dhaliwal & Oliver Zhen Li, 2006. "Investor Tax Heterogeneity and Ex‐Dividend Day Trading Volume," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 61(1), pages 463-490, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:jfinan:v:61:y:2006:i:1:p:463-490
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.2006.00842.x
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    Cited by:

    1. Rydqvist, Kristian & Dai, Qinglei, 2007. "Investigation of the Costly-Arbitrage Model of Price Formation Around the Ex-Dividend Day," CEPR Discussion Papers 6074, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    2. Ming-Chang Cheng & Ching-Hwa Lee, 2016. "Trading Activities Around Ex-Dividend Days: Evidence from the Taiwan Stock Market," Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies (RPBFMP), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 19(01), pages 1-17, March.
    3. Burks, Jeffrey J. & Randolph, David W. & Seida, Jim A., 2019. "Modeling and interpreting regressions with interactions," Journal of Accounting Literature, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 61-79.
    4. Ali, Ashiq & Klasa, Sandy & Zhen Li, Oliver, 2008. "Institutional stakeholdings and better-informed traders at earnings announcements," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 46(1), pages 47-61, September.
    5. Katsushi Suzuki, 2015. "Unique Dividends for Retail Shareholders: Evidence from Shareholder Perks," Discussion Papers 2015-20, Kobe University, Graduate School of Business Administration.
    6. Hanlon, Michelle & Heitzman, Shane, 2010. "A review of tax research," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(2-3), pages 127-178, December.
    7. Vassilis A. Efthymiou & George N. Leledakis, 2014. "The price impact of the disposition effect on the ex-dividend day of NYSE and AMEX common stocks," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(4), pages 711-724, April.
    8. Chen, Hung-Ling & Chow, Edward H. & Shiu, Cheng-Yi, 2013. "Ex-dividend prices and investor trades: Evidence from Taiwan," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 39-65.
    9. Dai, Qinglei & Rydqvist, Kristian, 2009. "Investigation of the costly-arbitrage model of price formation around the ex-dividend day in Norway," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 16(4), pages 582-596, September.
    10. Dupuis, Daniel, 2019. "Ex-dividend day price behavior and liquidity in a tax-free emerging market," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 239-250.
    11. Zhonglan Dai & Edward Maydew & Douglas A. Shackelford & Harold H. Zhang, 2008. "Capital Gains Taxes and Asset Prices: Capitalization or Lock‐in?," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 63(2), pages 709-742, April.
    12. Asimakopoulos, Panagiotis N. & Tsangarakis, Nickolaos V. & Tsiritakis, Emmanuel D., 2015. "Price adjustment method and ex-dividend day returns in a different institutional setting," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 1-12.
    13. Hue Hwa Au Yong & Christine Brown & Chloe Choy Yeing Ho, 2014. "Off-Market Buybacks in Australia: Evidence of Abnormal Trading around Key Dates," International Review of Finance, International Review of Finance Ltd., vol. 14(4), pages 551-585, December.
    14. Wang, Steven Shuye & Xu, Kuan & Zhang, Hao, 2019. "A microstructure study of circuit breakers in the Chinese stock markets," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 57(C).
    15. Chen, Hung-Ling & Shiu, Cheng-Yi & Wei, Hui-Shan, 2019. "Price effect and investor awareness: Evidence from MSCI Standard Index reconstitutions," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 93-112.
    16. Thiess Buettner & Carolin Holzmann & Felix Kreidl & Hendrik Scholz, 2020. "Withholding-tax non-compliance: the case of cum-ex stock-market transactions," International Tax and Public Finance, Springer;International Institute of Public Finance, vol. 27(6), pages 1425-1452, December.
    17. Hossain, Ashrafee Tanvir & Hossain, Takdir & Kryzanowski, Lawrence, 2021. "Political corruption and corporate payouts," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 123(C).
    18. Jeff Whitworth & Ramesh P. Rao, 2010. "Do Tax Law Changes Influence Ex‐Dividend Stock Price Behavior? Evidence from 1926 to 2005," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 39(1), pages 419-445, March.
    19. Dean Hanlon & Sean Pinder, 2013. "Capital gains tax, supply-driven trading and ownership structure: direct evidence of the lock-in effect," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 53(2), pages 419-439, June.
    20. Huang, Wei & Rhee, S. Ghon & Suzuki, Katsushi & Yasutake, Taeko, 2022. "Do investors value shareholder perks? Evidence from Japan," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    21. Bastian Schulz, 2021. "The Cum-ex Case: A Look at Germany," ACTA VSFS, University of Finance and Administration, vol. 15(1), pages 49-62.
    22. Rantapuska, Elias, 2008. "Ex-dividend day trading: Who, how, and why?: Evidence from the Finnish market," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 88(2), pages 355-374, May.
    23. Jennifer L. Blouin & Jana Smith Raedy & Douglas A. Shackelford, 2007. "Did Firms Substitute Dividends for Share Repurchases after the 2003 Reductions in Shareholder Tax Rates?," NBER Working Papers 13601, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    24. Oliver Zhen Li, 2010. "Tax-Induced Dividend Capturing," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 37(7-8), pages 866-904.

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