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The EU and Third Countries: Consequences for Democracy and the Political Order

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  • John Erik Fossum

Abstract

This article discusses the democratic implications of third country incorporation for the EU and for third countries. The more the EU transforms sovereignty in an open and inclusive manner, the greater the scope for third country presence, participation and influence. For the EU, the greater the presence and influence of third countries, the more pressing the democratic incongruence. For third countries, the better included and the more they participate, the less incongruent their affiliation, and the more similar to members they become. These considerations depend on how the EU structures its relations with third countries and the nature of the EU's political order. It is in the EU's internal market and flanking areas that the pooling and sharing of sovereignty is the most pronounced. The conundrum facing third countries and the EU is that the internal market is central to the EU's constitution as a political system.

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  • John Erik Fossum, 2023. "The EU and Third Countries: Consequences for Democracy and the Political Order," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 61(6), pages 1639-1655, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:jcmkts:v:61:y:2023:i:6:p:1639-1655
    DOI: 10.1111/jcms.13421
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    1. repec:bla:jcmkts:v:44:y:2006:i::p:533-562 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Vivien A. Schmidt, 2013. "Democracy and Legitimacy in the European Union Revisited: Input, Output and ‘Throughput’," Political Studies, Political Studies Association, vol. 61(1), pages 2-22, March.
    3. David Mitrany, 1965. "The Prospect Of Integration: Federal Or Functional," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 4(2), pages 119-149, June.
    4. Andreas Follesdal & Simon Hix, 2006. "Why There is a Democratic Deficit in the EU: A Response to Majone and Moravcsik," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 44(3), pages 533-562, September.
    5. Robert O. Keohane, 2002. "Ironies of Sovereignty: The European Union and the United States," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 40(4), pages 743-765, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Sandra Lavenex & Marja‐Liisa Öberg, 2023. "Third Country Influence on EU Law and Policy‐making: Setting the Scene," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 61(6), pages 1435-1453, November.

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