IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/bla/istatr/v86y2018i1p119-135.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Ecological Fallacy and Covariates: New Insights based on Multilevel Modelling of Individual Data

Author

Listed:
  • Michela Gnaldi
  • Venera Tomaselli
  • Antonio Forcina

Abstract

The paper provides a new and more explicit formulation of the assumptions needed by the ordinary ecological regression to provide unbiased estimates and clarifies why violations of these assumptions will affect any method of ecological inference. Empirical evidence is obtained by showing that estimates provided by three main ecological inference methods are heavily biased when compared with multilevel logistic regression applied to a unique set of individual data on voting behaviour. The main findings of our paper have two important implications that can be extended to all situations where the assumptions needed to apply ecological inference are violated in the data: (i) only ecological inference methods that allow one to model the effect of covariates have a chance to produce unbiased estimates, and (ii) there are certain data generating mechanisms producing a kind of bias in ecological estimates that cannot be corrected by modelling the effect of covariates.

Suggested Citation

  • Michela Gnaldi & Venera Tomaselli & Antonio Forcina, 2018. "Ecological Fallacy and Covariates: New Insights based on Multilevel Modelling of Individual Data," International Statistical Review, International Statistical Institute, vol. 86(1), pages 119-135, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:istatr:v:86:y:2018:i:1:p:119-135
    DOI: 10.1111/insr.12244
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/insr.12244
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1111/insr.12244?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Herger, Nils, 2020. "On the ecological fallacy in discrete-choice models," Journal of choice modelling, Elsevier, vol. 34(C).
    2. Antonio Forcina & Davide Pellegrino, 2019. "Estimation of voter transitions and the ecological fallacy," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 53(4), pages 1859-1874, July.
    3. Giulio Giacomo Cantone & Venera Tomaselli, 2022. "On null models for contagion effects in multidimensional networks," RIEDS - Rivista Italiana di Economia, Demografia e Statistica - The Italian Journal of Economic, Demographic and Statistical Studies, SIEDS Societa' Italiana di Economia Demografia e Statistica, vol. 76(2), pages 4-12, April-Jun.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bla:istatr:v:86:y:2018:i:1:p:119-135. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/isiiinl.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.