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The Transformation of Urban Political Leadership in Western Europe

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  • Olivier Borraz
  • Peter John

Abstract

This overview article sets out the broad themes behind the transformation of local political leadership, in particular the forces that have led to the introduction of stronger forms of local executive, such as directly elected mayors. After setting out the role of local political leadership in traditional local government and different traditions and patterns across Western Europe, the article sets out the likely factors driving the changes toward a stronger form of leadership in the more complex pattern of governing described as local governance: complex networks, the ‘new political culture’, Europeanization of public policy and institutional mimetism. The article observes that the articles in this symposium do not fully confirm these hypotheses, showing the complexity of the responses and the different contexts across Western Europe. The concluding sections draw together the implications of the stronger forms of local executive for the current practice and functioning of local politics and policy‐making: the legitimacy crisis that may have emerged from more autonomous political leaders, which combines with the decline in the conventional measures of local political participation; the lack of complementary institutional resources to assist the performance of the enhanced executive function; and the emergence of a new north‐south divide in governing styles. Cet article général expose les grands thèmes qui sous‐tendent la transformation de l'autorité politique locale, notamment les forces qui ont conduit à l'introduction de formes d'exécutif local plus puissantes, comme l'élection des maires au suffrage direct. Après avoir expliqué le rôle d'une autorité politique locale dans un contexte classique et selon plusieurs traditions ou modèles d'Europe occidentale, l'étude s'intéresse aux facteurs susceptibles de tendre vers une forme plus forte d'autorité dans le cadre pluscompliqué d'une gouvernance locale intégrant réseaux complexes, ‘nouvelle culture politique’, européanisation des politiques publiques et mimétisme institutionnel. Les articles proposés pour ce symposium ne confirment pas totalement ces hypothèses, révélant la sophistication des réponses et la multiplicité des contextes européens. La conclusion déduit ce qu'implique le renforcement de l'exécutif local dans la pratique et le fonctionnement actuels de la politique et du processus décisionnel locaux: crise de légitimité, éventuellement née de leaders politiques plus autonomes, combinée au déclin des dispositifs classiques de participation locale; manque de ressources institutionnelles complémentaires qui faciliteraient la mise en œuvre de la nouvelle fonction exécutive; émergence d'une scission nord‐sud dans les styles de gouvernement.

Suggested Citation

  • Olivier Borraz & Peter John, 2004. "The Transformation of Urban Political Leadership in Western Europe," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 28(1), pages 107-120, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:ijurrs:v:28:y:2004:i:1:p:107-120
    DOI: 10.1111/j.0309-1317.2004.00505.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Le Gales, Patrick, 2002. "European Cities: Social Conflicts and Governance," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780199252787.
    2. Loughlin, John, 2001. "Subnational Democracy in the European Union: Challenges and Opportunities," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780198296799.
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    3. Clemente J. Navarro Yáñez & Annick Magnier & M. Antonia Ramírez, 2008. "Local Governance as Government–Business Cooperation in Western Democracies: Analysing Local and Intergovernmental Effects by Multi‐Level Comparison," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 32(3), pages 531-547, September.
    4. Ioannis Chorianopoulos & Theodoros Iosifides, 2006. "The Neoliberal Framework of EU Urban Policy in Action: Supporting Competitiveness and Reaping Disparities," Local Economy, London South Bank University, vol. 21(4), pages 409-422, November.
    5. Claire Bénit-Gbaffou & Obvious Katsaura, 2014. "Community Leadership and the Construction of Political Legitimacy: Unpacking Bourdieu's ‘Political Capital’ in Post-Apartheid Johannesburg," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 38(5), pages 1807-1832, September.
    6. Agnieszka Springer & Katarzyna Walkowiak & Arnold Bernaciak, 2020. "Leadership Styles of Rural Leaders in the Context of Sustainable Development Requirements: A Case Study of Commune Mayors in the Greater Poland Province, Poland," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-15, March.
    7. Di Giulio, Marco & Galanti, Maria Tullia & Moro, Francesco Niccolò, 2016. "Political coalitions, local leaders and the internationalization of local public services in Italy," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 144-151.
    8. Lesley Hemphill & Stanley McGreal & Jim Berry & Siobhan Watson, 2006. "Leadership, Power and Multisector Urban Regeneration Partnerships," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 43(1), pages 59-80, January.
    9. Zsófia Papp, 2019. "Votes, money can buy. The conditional effect of EU Structural Funds on government MPs’ electoral performance," European Union Politics, , vol. 20(4), pages 543-561, December.
    10. Gillad Rosen & Eran Razin, 2009. "The Rise of Gated Communities in Israel: Reflections on Changing Urban Governance in a Neo-liberal Era," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 46(8), pages 1702-1722, July.
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    12. Nelarine Cornelius & Miguel Martínez Lucio, 2012. "Introduction," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 49(3), pages 587-594, February.

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