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The War in Ukraine, Food Security and the Role for Europe

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  • Maksym Chepeliev
  • Maryla Maliszewska
  • Maria Filipa Seara e Pereira

Abstract

Food‐security implications of the war in Ukraine are exacerbated by adverse weather events, spillover effects from the distortion of energy and fertiliser markets, and domestic policies that countries around the world have implemented in pursuit of food security. Estimates suggest that the cumulative effect of these channels in terms of restricting agricultural and food trade is in the order of over 10 times larger, and their cumulative effect on global food supply is on average three times more substantial than the direct agricultural supply disruptions in Ukraine. The latter, however, disproportionally impacts low‐income countries that are particularly vulnerable to food supply shortages and price increases. In the case of the EU, although overall food availability is not at stake, food affordability for low‐income households is a concern, especially when combined with rising prices of other essential goods, such as energy and transportation. To ensure the resilience of domestic and global food systems, the EU and its Member States should extend a set of already implemented policies, including better‐targeted support for the low‐income households in the region, implementation of trade facilitation measures via international cooperation, and support for agricultural production in the most vulnerable countries, and should also facilitate the restoration of Ukraine's lost agricultural assets. Les implications de la guerre en Ukraine sur la sécurité alimentaire sont exacerbées par les événements météorologiques défavorables, les effets d'entraînement de la distorsion des marchés de l'énergie et des engrais, et les politiques nationales que les pays du monde entier ont mises en œuvre pour assurer leur sécurité alimentaire. Les estimations suggèrent que l'effet cumulé de ces canaux en termes de restriction du commerce agricole et alimentaire est environ 10 fois plus important que l'effet des perturbations directes de l'approvisionnement agricole en Ukraine, et leur effet cumulé sur l'approvisionnement alimentaire mondial est en moyenne trois fois plus important. Ce dernier effet a cependant un impact disproportionné sur les pays à faible revenu qui sont particulièrement vulnérables aux pénuries alimentaires et à la hausse des prix. Dans le cas de l'Union européenne (UE), bien que la disponibilité alimentaire globale ne soit pas en jeu, la capacité d'accès aux aliments des ménages à faible revenu est une préoccupation, en particulier lorsque les prix d'autres biens essentiels, tels que l'énergie et les transports, sont également en hausse. Pour garantir la résilience des systèmes alimentaires nationaux et mondiaux, l'UE et ses États membres devraient étendre le champ d'un ensemble de politiques déjà mises en œuvre, y compris un soutien mieux ciblé aux ménages à faible revenu de la région, la mise en œuvre de mesures de facilitation des échanges via la coopération internationale et le soutien à la production agricole dans les pays les plus vulnérables. Ils devraient en outre faciliter la restauration des actifs agricoles perdus de l'Ukraine. Die Auswirkungen des russischen Angriffskriegs auf die Ernährungssicherheit werden durch widrige Witterungsbedingungen und Verzerrungen auf den Märkten für Energie‐ und Düngemittel verschärft. Des Weiteren haben innenpolitische Maßnahmen, die Länder auf der ganzen Welt in ihren Bemühungen nach Ernährungssicherheit ergriffen haben, negative Folgen. Schätzungen gehen davon aus, dass die kumulierten Auswirkungen auf den Agrar‐ und Lebensmittelhandel in der Größenordnung des Zehnfachen liegen. Die kumulierten Auswirkungen auf die weltweite Lebensmittelversorgung sind im Durchschnitt dreimal so groß wie die direkten Störungen der landwirtschaftlichen Versorgung in der Ukraine. Letztere wirken sich jedoch unverhältnismäßig stark auf Länder mit einem niedrigen Einkommensniveau aus. Sie sind besonders anfällig für Versorgungsengpässe bei Nahrungsmitteln und Preissteigerungen. In der EU steht allerdings nicht die Verfügbarkeit von Nahrungsmitteln insgesamt auf dem Spiel. Jedoch ist die Bezahlbarkeit von Nahrungsmitteln für einkommensschwache Haushalte ein Problem, insbesondere in Verbindung mit steigenden Preisen für andere wichtige Wirtschaftsgüter wie Energie und Transport. Um die Resilienz der heimischen und globalen Lebensmittelsysteme zu gewährleisten, sollten die EU und ihre Mitgliedstaaten eine Reihe bereits umgesetzter Maßnahmen ausweiten. Dazu zählen eine gezieltere Unterstützung für einkommensschwache Haushalte, Handelserleichterungen im Rahmen der internationalen Zusammenarbeit und die Förderung der landwirtschaftlichen Produktion in den am stärksten gefährdeten Ländern. Zudem sollte der Aufbau der zerstörten landwirtschaftlichen Produktionsfaktoren in der Ukraine erleichtert werden.

Suggested Citation

  • Maksym Chepeliev & Maryla Maliszewska & Maria Filipa Seara e Pereira, 2023. "The War in Ukraine, Food Security and the Role for Europe," EuroChoices, The Agricultural Economics Society, vol. 22(1), pages 4-13, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:eurcho:v:22:y:2023:i:1:p:4-13
    DOI: 10.1111/1746-692X.12389
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Maksym Chepeliev, 2022. "Incorporating Nutritional Accounts to the GTAP Data Base," Journal of Global Economic Analysis, Center for Global Trade Analysis, Department of Agricultural Economics, Purdue University, vol. 7(1), pages 1-43, June.
    2. Thomas Glauben & Miranda Svanidze & Linde Götz & Sören Prehn & Tinoush Jamali Jaghdani & Ivan Đurić & Lena Kuhn, 2022. "The War in Ukraine, Agricultural Trade and Risks to Global Food Security," Intereconomics: Review of European Economic Policy, Springer;ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics;Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS), vol. 57(3), pages 157-163, May.
    3. repec:bre:polbrf:node_8589 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Petra Hellegers, 2022. "Food security vulnerability due to trade dependencies on Russia and Ukraine," Food Security: The Science, Sociology and Economics of Food Production and Access to Food, Springer;The International Society for Plant Pathology, vol. 14(6), pages 1503-1510, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. William Liefert, 2024. "Why is Russia Restricting its Fertiliser and Crop Exports?," EuroChoices, The Agricultural Economics Society, vol. 23(1), pages 4-10, April.
    2. Fernando Mata & Diana Barros & Ricardo Pereira-Pinto & Preciosa Pires, 2024. "EU Citizens’ Perception of Risks Posed to the Sustainability of EU Food Security," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-18, November.
    3. Rosalinda Nicastro & Mattia Papale & Giovanna Marta Fusco & Annalinda Capone & Biagio Morrone & Petronia Carillo, 2024. "Legal Barriers in Sustainable Agriculture: Valorization of Agri-Food Waste and Pesticide Use Reduction," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-23, October.
    4. Anelisa de Aquino Vidal Lacerda Soares & Renato de Mello Prado & Rosemary Marques de Almeida Bertani & Ana Paula Rodrigues da Silva & Angélica Cristina Fernandes Deus & Cristiaini Kano & Fernanda de P, 2024. "Contribution of Using Filter Cake and Vinasse as a Source of Nutrients for Sustainable Agriculture—A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-19, June.
    5. Andreea-Emanuela Dragoi, 2023. "Quo Vadis the Common Agricultural Policy amid Tomorrow’s Challenges?," Global Economic Observer, "Nicolae Titulescu" University of Bucharest, Faculty of Economic Sciences;Institute for World Economy of the Romanian Academy, vol. 11(1), pages 24-31, May.
    6. Marta Stanisławska, 2023. "An Examination of Households’ Attitudes towards Renewable Energy Source Investments in Lower Silesian Voivodeship," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-18, October.
    7. Georgiana Raluca Lădaru & Mariarosaria Lombardi & Ionut Laurentiu Petre & Carmen Elena Dobrotă & Marco Platania & Steliana Mocanu, 2024. "Analysis of Export Competitiveness of Agri-Food Products at the EU-27 Level through the Perspective of Technical Complexity," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-13, July.

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