IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/bla/eurcho/v16y2017i2p10-17.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Brexit and Tariff Rate Quotas on EU Imports: A Complex Problem

Author

Listed:
  • Brian J. Revell

Abstract

Tariff rate quotas (TRQs) are a means by which non‐EU suppliers of agri‐food products can be given preferential access to EU markets within a regulated framework of quotas at tariff rates below the Most Favoured Nation rates bound in the GATT. TRQs are common in governing trade in the meat and dairy sectors of the EU, although they apply to a wide range of other agricultural commodity and processed agri‐food products. Brexit poses a complex set of problems regarding TRQs in terms of how the respective parties should divide up jointly undertaken commitments within the WTO, since TRQs have been negotiated by the Commission on behalf of all EU Member States. Whilst individual quota allocations can be allocated to specific third country suppliers, individual Member States receive no specific allocation of the global product TRQ either in total, or from any named preferential supplier. The article outlines the nature of TRQs in the meat and dairy sectors of the EU, and how a simple partitioning of existing quotas between the EU‐27 and the UK is unlikely to resolve the complex issue of access rights of third countries to both markets. Possible solutions are explored, including the potential need for reciprocal EU‐27–UK TRQs post Brexit. Les quotas tarifaires sont un moyen d'accorder aux fournisseurs de produits agroalimentaires en dehors de l'Union européenne un accès préférentiel aux marchés communautaires au sein d'un cadre réglementé de quotas à des tarifs inférieurs aux taux consolidés de la nation la plus favorisée dans le cadre du GATT. Les quotas tarifaires sont courants dans les échanges de viande et de produits laitiers de l'Union européenne, mais ils s'appliquent également à une large gamme d'autres produits agricoles primaires et produits agroalimentaires transformés. Le Brexit pose un ensemble de problèmes complexes pour les quotas tarifaires concernant la façon dont les parties respectives devraient se répartir des engagements pris conjointement au sein de l’OMC, puisque les quotas tarifaires ont été négociés par la Commission de la part de tous les états membres. Si les quotas individuels peuvent être alloués à des pays tiers fournisseurs particuliers, les états membres individuels ne reçoivent pas une partie identifiée du quota tarifaire global par produit, ni pour l'ensemble des fournisseurs à taux préférentiel, ni pour l'un entre eux nommément identifié. L'article décrit la nature des quotas tarifaires dans les secteurs de la viande et des produits laitiers de l'Union européenne et souligne que la simple répartition des quotas actuels entre l'Union à 27 et le Royaume‐Uni est sans doute incapable de résoudre la question complexe des droits d'accès des pays tiers aux deux marchés. Des solutions alternatives sont explorées, y compris le recours éventuel à des quotas tarifaires entre l'Union à 27 et le Royaume‐Uni après le Brexit. Zollquoten sind ein Instrument, mit dem Nicht‐EU‐Anbietern von Agrar‐ und Ernährungsgütern präferenzieller Zugang zu den EU‐Märkten eingeräumt werden kann. Die Zölle innerhalb der Quoten können unterhalb der MFN‐Zölle (Most Favoured Nation – MFN) des GATT liegen. Zollquoten sind im Handel mit Fleisch‐ und Milchprodukten der EU üblich, obwohl sie auch bei anderen landwirtschaftlichen Erzeugnissen und verarbeiteten Produkten der Agrar‐ und Ernährungswirtschaft vorkommen. Der Brexit bringt komplexe Probleme für die Zollquoten mit sich. Da Zollquoten für alle EU‐Mitgliedsstaaten von der Europäischen Kommission ausgehandelt worden sind, müssen nun die jeweiligen Seiten gemeinsame Verpflichtungen im Rahmen der WTO unter sich aufteilen. Während individuelle Quotenanpassungen speziellen Drittlandanbietern zugeordnet werden können, ist eine Zuordnung zu den einzelnen Mitgliedsstaaten weder im Ganzen noch von benannten bevorzugten Anbietern möglich. Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt die Zollquoten in den Sektoren für Fleisch‐ und Milchprodukte der EU und zeigt auf, dass eine einfache Aufteilung der existierenden Quoten zwischen der EU‐27 und dem Vereinigten Königreich nicht ausreicht, um die komplexe Frage nach Zugangsrechten für Drittländer zu beiden Märkten zu beantworten. Mögliche Lösungen werden untersucht, einschließlich der potenziellen Notwendigkeit für reziproke Zollquoten zwischen der EU‐27 und dem Vereinigten Königreich nach dem Brexit.

Suggested Citation

  • Brian J. Revell, 2017. "Brexit and Tariff Rate Quotas on EU Imports: A Complex Problem," EuroChoices, The Agricultural Economics Society, vol. 16(2), pages 10-17, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:eurcho:v:16:y:2017:i:2:p:10-17
    DOI: 10.1111/1746-692X.12157
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/1746-692X.12157
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1111/1746-692X.12157?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bureau, Jean-Christophe & Tangermann, Stefan, 2000. "Tariff Rate Quotas in The EU," Agricultural and Resource Economics Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 29(1), pages 70-80, April.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Himics, Mihaly & Listorti, Giulia & Tonini, Axel, 2020. "Simulated economic impacts in applied trade modelling: A comparison of tariff aggregation approaches," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 344-357.
    2. Alan Swinbank, 2022. "The UK’s Agri‐food Trade Policies One Year On From Brexit," EuroChoices, The Agricultural Economics Society, vol. 21(2), pages 11-18, August.
    3. Siemen van Berkum & Roel Jongeneel & Myrna van Leeuwen, 2018. "Brexit's Agri‐trade Impacts on the Netherlands," EuroChoices, The Agricultural Economics Society, vol. 17(2), pages 38-46, August.
    4. Nogues, Julio, 2018. "Brexit trade impacts and Mercosur's negotiations with Europe," MPRA Paper 87416, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    5. Alan Matthews, 2017. "Brexit Impacts on Irish Agri‐food Exports to the UK," EuroChoices, The Agricultural Economics Society, vol. 16(2), pages 26-32, August.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Bo Xiong & John C. Beghin, 2018. "TTIP and agricultural trade: The case of tariff elimination and pesticide policy cooperation," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 34(3), pages 495-508, June.
    2. Binfield, Julian C.R. & Donnellan, Trevor & Hanrahan, Kevin F. & Westhoff, Patrick C., 2009. "WTO Doha Round: Impact of an Agreement on Agriculture and the Importance of Sensitive Products," 83rd Annual Conference, March 30 - April 1, 2009, Dublin, Ireland 50936, Agricultural Economics Society.
    3. Oyewumi, Olubukola Ayodeju & Jooste, Andre & van Schalkwyk, Herman D. & Britz, Wolfgang, 2006. "Implications of Tariff Rate Quotas Liberalization in the South African Livestock Industry," 2006 Annual Meeting, August 12-18, 2006, Queensland, Australia 25469, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    4. Li, Xianghong & Carter, Colin A., 2005. "Agricultural Tariff Rate Quotas: Impacts on Market Access," 2005 Annual meeting, July 24-27, Providence, RI 19413, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    5. Ramos, Maria Priscila, 2007. "Politique Commerciale, Qualité et Environnement: une Application aux Négociations Commerciales entre l’Union Européenne et le Mercosur," MPRA Paper 12640, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Oyewumi, Olubukola Ayodeju, 2005. "Modeling tariff rate quotas in the South African livestock industry," Master's Degree Theses 28064, University of the Free State, Department of Agricultural Economics.
    7. Garcia, Roberto J., 2015. "No Way to Meet Commitments for Norway’s Meat Imports: An Assessment of WTO Disciplines on Market Access in Agriculture," Working Paper Series 03-2015, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, School of Economics and Business.
    8. Khorana, Sangeeta, 2008. "The Developmental Relevance of Tariff Rate Quotas as a Market Access Instrument: An Analysis of Swiss Agricultural Imports," Estey Centre Journal of International Law and Trade Policy, Estey Centre for Law and Economics in International Trade, vol. 9(2), pages 1-24.
    9. Bureau, Jean-Christophe & Salvatici, Luca, 2002. "WTO Negotiations on Market Access in Agriculture: A Comparison of Alternative Tariff Cut Scenarios for the EU and the US," 2002 International Congress, August 28-31, 2002, Zaragoza, Spain 24883, European Association of Agricultural Economists.
    10. Grant, Jason & Xie, Chaoping & Boys, Kathryn, 2022. "Firms, Agricultural Imports, and Tariff-Rate Quotas: An Assessment of China’s Wheat, Corn, and Rice Imports Using Firm-Level Data," Commissioned Papers 321889, International Agricultural Trade Research Consortium.
    11. Meilke, Karl D. & Rude, James & Burfisher, Mary E. & Bredahl, Maury E., 2001. "Market Access: Issues And Options In The Agricultural Negotiations," Commissioned Papers 14625, International Agricultural Trade Research Consortium.
    12. de Gorter, Harry & Abbott, Philip C. & Barichello, Richard R. & Boughner, Devry S. & Bureau, Jean-Christophe & Choi, Jung-Sup & Coleman, Jonathan R. & Herrmann, Roland & Kramb, Marc Christopher & Shel, 2001. "Issues In Reforming Tariff-Rate Import Quotas In The Agreement On Agriculture In The Wto," Commissioned Papers 14617, International Agricultural Trade Research Consortium.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bla:eurcho:v:16:y:2017:i:2:p:10-17. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/eaaeeea.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.