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Share Repurchases, Dividends and Executive Options: the Effect of Dividend Protection

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  • Eva Liljeblom
  • Daniel Pasternack

Abstract

We study the determinants of share repurchases and dividends in Finland. We find that higher foreign ownership serves as a determinant of share repurchases and suggest that this is explained by the different tax treatment of foreign and domestic investors. Further, we also find support for the signalling and agency cost hypotheses for cash distributions. The fact that 41% of the option programmes in our sample are dividend protected allows us to test more directly the ‘substitution/managerial wealth’ hypothesis for the choice of distribution method. When options are dividend protected, the relationship between dividend distributions and the scope of the options programme turns to a significantly positive one instead of the negative one documented in US data.

Suggested Citation

  • Eva Liljeblom & Daniel Pasternack, 2006. "Share Repurchases, Dividends and Executive Options: the Effect of Dividend Protection," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 12(1), pages 7-28, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:eufman:v:12:y:2006:i:1:p:7-28
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1354-7798.2006.00308.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Karl Felixson & Eva Liljeblom, 2008. "Evidence of ex-dividend trading by investor tax category," The European Journal of Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(1), pages 1-21.
    2. Liljeblom, Eva & Loflund, Anders, 2005. "Determinants of international portfolio investment flows to a small market: Empirical evidence," Journal of Multinational Financial Management, Elsevier, vol. 15(3), pages 211-233, July.
    3. Scott Weisbenner, 2000. "Corporate share repurchases in the 1990s: what role do stock options play?," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2000-29, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
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    Cited by:

    1. Geiler, P.H.M. & Renneboog, L.D.R., 2014. "Executive Remuneration and the Payout Decision," Discussion Paper 2014-032, Tilburg University, Center for Economic Research.
    2. Karpavičius, Sigitas & Yu, Fan, 2018. "The impact of dividend-protected CEO equity incentives on firm value and risk," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 16-24.
    3. Zhang, Dan, 2018. "CEO dividend protection," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 194-211.
    4. Derek Jones & Panu Kalmi & Mikko Mäkinen, 2010. "The productivity effects of stock option schemes: evidence from Finnish panel data," Journal of Productivity Analysis, Springer, vol. 33(1), pages 67-80, February.
    5. Burns, Natasha & McTier, Brian C. & Minnick, Kristina, 2015. "Equity-incentive compensation and payout policy in Europe," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 85-97.
    6. Ding, Chao & Ho, Choy Yeing & Chang, Millicent, 2021. "CEO and CFO equity compensation and dividend payout over the firm lifecycle," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 49(C).
    7. Ali Ataullah & Ian Davidson & Hang Le, 2010. "Large Shareholders, the Board of Directors and the Allocation of Cash Proceeds from Corporate Asset Sell†offs," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 16(2), pages 271-295, March.
    8. Geiler, Philipp & Renneboog, Luc, 2015. "Taxes, earnings payout, and payout channel choice," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 37(C), pages 178-203.
    9. Banerjee, Suman & Humphery-Jenner, Mark & Nanda, Vikram, 2018. "Does CEO bias escalate repurchase activity?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 105-126.
    10. Khalfan, Twahir M. & Wendt, Stefan, 2020. "The impact of ownership concentration on payout across Nordic firms," Journal of Multinational Financial Management, Elsevier, vol. 56(C).
    11. De Cesari, Amedeo & Ozkan, Neslihan, 2015. "Executive incentives and payout policy: Empirical evidence from Europe," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 70-91.
    12. Asjeet S. Lamba & Vivek M. Miranda, 2010. "The Role of Executive Stock Options in On‐Market Share Buybacks," International Review of Finance, International Review of Finance Ltd., vol. 10(3), pages 339-363, September.
    13. Korkeamaki, Timo & Liljeblom, Eva & Pasternack, Daniel, 2010. "Tax reform and payout policy: Do shareholder clienteles or payout policy adjust?," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 16(4), pages 572-587, September.
    14. Seppo Kinkki, 2008. "Minority Protection and Dividend Policy in Finland," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 14(3), pages 470-502, June.
    15. Ming‐Cheng Wu & Erin H. C. Kao & Hung‐Gay Fung, 2008. "Impact Of Dividend‐Protected Employee Stock Options On Payout Policies: Evidence From Taiwan," Pacific Economic Review, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 13(4), pages 431-452, October.
    16. Cholifah Bahri & Mahsina S. E & Asmie Poniwati, 2017. "The influence of undervaluation, free cash flow, leverage and dispersion of ownerships toward company’s stock repurchase (An empirical study of Indonesia stock exchange public listed companies)," Journal of Administrative and Business Studies, Professor Dr. Usman Raja, vol. 3(5), pages 235-247.

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