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Debt and corporate governance in emerging economies Evidence from India1

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  • Jayati Sarkar
  • Subrata Sarkar

Abstract

We analyze the role of debt in corporate governance with respect to a large emerging economy, India, where debt has been an important source of external finance. Using cross‐sectional data on listed manufacturing firms we estimate, simultaneously, the relation between Tobin's Q and leverage for three years, 1996, 2000 and 2003. Our analysis indicates that while in the early years of institutional change, debt did not have any disciplinary effect on either standalone or group affiliated firms, the disciplinary effect appeared in the later years as institutions became more market oriented. We also find limited evidence of debt being used as an expropriation mechanism in group firms that are more vulnerable to such expropriation. In general, our results highlight the role of ownership structures and institutions in debt governance.

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  • Jayati Sarkar & Subrata Sarkar, 2008. "Debt and corporate governance in emerging economies Evidence from India1," The Economics of Transition, The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, vol. 16(2), pages 293-334, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:etrans:v:16:y:2008:i:2:p:293-334
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0351.2008.00307.x
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    1. Sujata Visaria, 2009. "Legal Reform and Loan Repayment: The Microeconomic Impact of Debt Recovery Tribunals in India," American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, American Economic Association, vol. 1(3), pages 59-81, July.
    2. Walter Novaes, 2003. "Capital Structure Choice When Managers Are in Control: Entrenchment versus Efficiency," The Journal of Business, University of Chicago Press, vol. 76(1), pages 49-82, January.
    3. Nigel Driffield & Vidya Mahambare & Sarmistha Pal, 2005. "How Ownership Structure Affects Capital Structure and Firm Performance? Recent Evidence from East Asia," Finance 0509028, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Singh, Ajit, 1994. "Corporate financial patterns in industrialising economies: a comparative international study," MPRA Paper 54936, University Library of Munich, Germany.
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    2. Bansal, Shashank & Thenmozhi, M., 2020. "Does Concentrated Founder Ownership Affect Related Party Transactions? Evidence from an Emerging Economy," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 53(C).
    3. Xunpeng Shi, 2010. "Restructuring in China's State‐owned Enterprises: Evidence from the Coal Industry," China & World Economy, Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, vol. 18(3), pages 90-105, May.
    4. Ratnam Vijayakumaran & Sunitha Vijayakumaran, 2019. "Leverage, Debt Maturity and Corporate Performance: Evidence from Chinese Listed Companies," Asian Economic and Financial Review, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 9(4), pages 491-506, May.
    5. Hani El-Chaarani, 2015. "The Impact of Financial and Legal Structures on the Performance of European Listed Firms," The International Journal of Business and Finance Research, The Institute for Business and Finance Research, vol. 9(2), pages 39-52.
    6. Hani El-Chaarani, 2014. "The Impact of Financial Structure on the Performance of European Listed Firms," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(3), pages 103-124.
    7. Kali, Raja & Sarkar, Jayati, 2011. "Diversification and tunneling: Evidence from Indian business groups," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 39(3), pages 349-367, September.
    8. ATM Adnan & Nisar Ahmed, 2019. "The Transformation Of The Corporate Governance Model: A Literature Review," Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting, Uniwersytet Mikolaja Kopernika, vol. 8(3), pages 7-47.
    9. Hayam Wahba, 2014. "Capital structure, managerial ownership and firm performance: evidence from Egypt," Journal of Management & Governance, Springer;Accademia Italiana di Economia Aziendale (AIDEA), vol. 18(4), pages 1041-1061, November.
    10. Saumitra Bhaduri & Aditi Bhattacharya, 2018. "Financial Liberalization and Allocation of Capital: Dark Side of the Moon," Journal of Quantitative Economics, Springer;The Indian Econometric Society (TIES), vol. 16(1), pages 163-185, December.
    11. Jindal, Varun & Seth, Rama, 2019. "A new order of financing investments: Evidence from acquisitions by India’s listed firms," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 307-328.
    12. Ekta Selarka, 2018. "Corporate Governance Practices in India," Working Papers 2018-173, Madras School of Economics,Chennai,India.
    13. Shruti, R. & Thenmozhi, M., 2023. "Founder ownership and value relevance of IFRS convergence: Role of institutional investors," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    14. Prasanna Krishna & Ramanathan Geeta & Arora Bharat, 2017. "Family Ownership, Earnings Informativeness, and Role of Audit Committees: An Empirical Investigation in India," Review of Economics & Finance, Better Advances Press, Canada, vol. 9, pages 57-70, August.

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