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Self-reported experiences of racial discrimination and black-white differences in preterm and low-birthweight deliveries: The CARDIA study

Author

Listed:
  • Mustillo, S.
  • Krieger, N.
  • Gunderson, E.P.
  • Sidney, S.
  • McCreath, H.
  • Kiefe, C.I.

Abstract

Objectives. We examined the effects of self-reported experiences of racial discrimination on Black-White differences in preterm (less than 37 weeks gestation) and low-birthweight (less than 2500 g) deliveries. Methods. Using logistic regression models, we analyzed data on 352 births among women enrolled in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study. Results. Among Black women, 50% of those with preterm deliveries and 61% of those with low-birthweight infants reported having experienced racial discrimination in at least 3 situations; among White women, the corresponding percentages were 5% and 0%. The unadjusted odds ratio for preterm delivery among Black versus White women was 2.54 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.33, 4.85), but this value decreased to 1.88 (95% CI = 0.85, 4.12) after adjustment for experiences of racial discrimination and to 1.11 (95% CI = 0.51, 2.41) after additional adjustment for alcohol and tobacco use, depression, education, and income. The corresponding odds ratios for low birthweight were 4.24 (95% CI = 1.31, 13.67), 2.11 (95% CI = 0.75, 5.93), and 2.43 (95% CI = 0.79, 7.42). Conclusions. Self-reported experiences of racial discrimination were associated with preterm and low-birthweight deliveries, and such experiences may contribute to Black-White disparities in perinatal outcomes.

Suggested Citation

  • Mustillo, S. & Krieger, N. & Gunderson, E.P. & Sidney, S. & McCreath, H. & Kiefe, C.I., 2004. "Self-reported experiences of racial discrimination and black-white differences in preterm and low-birthweight deliveries: The CARDIA study," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 94(12), pages 2125-2131.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:2004:94:12:2125-2131_2
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    Cited by:

    1. Paula Braveman & Katherine Heck & Susan Egerter & Tyan Parker Dominguez & Christine Rinki & Kristen S Marchi & Michael Curtis, 2017. "Worry about racial discrimination: A missing piece of the puzzle of Black-White disparities in preterm birth?," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(10), pages 1-17, October.
    2. Robert A. Giacalone & Carole L. Jurkiewicz & Mark Promislo, 2016. "Ethics and Well-Being: The Paradoxical Implications of Individual Differences in Ethical Orientation," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 137(3), pages 491-506, September.
    3. Yuan, Bocong & Huang, Xinting & Li, Jiannan & He, Longtao, 2022. "Socioeconomic disadvantages and vulnerability to the pandemic among children and youth: A macro-level investigation of American counties," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 136(C).
    4. Chae, David H. & Clouston, Sean & Martz, Connor D. & Hatzenbuehler, Mark L. & Cooper, Hannah L.F. & Turpin, Rodman & Stephens-Davidowitz, Seth & Kramer, Michael R., 2018. "Area racism and birth outcomes among Blacks in the United States," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 49-55.
    5. Allan K. Nkwata & Ming Zhang & Xiao Song & Bruno Giordani & Amara E. Ezeamama, 2021. "The Relationship of Race, Psychosocial Stress and Resiliency Indicators to Neurocognitive Impairment among Older Americans Enrolled in the Health and Retirement Survey: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-15, February.
    6. Giurgescu, Carmen & Misra, Dawn P. & Sealy-Jefferson, Shawnita & Caldwell, Cleopatra H. & Templin, Thomas N. & Slaughter- Acey, Jaime C. & Osypuk, Theresa L., 2015. "The impact of neighborhood quality, perceived stress, and social support on depressive symptoms during pregnancy in African American women," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 172-180.
    7. Wingate, Martha S & Alexander, Greg R, 2006. "The healthy migrant theory: Variations in pregnancy outcomes among US-born migrants," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 62(2), pages 491-498, January.
    8. Savannah Larimore & Mosi Ifatunji & Hedwig Lee & Jane Rafferty & James Jackson & Margaret T. Hicken, 2021. "Geographic Variation in Reproductive Health Among the Black Population in the US: An Analysis of Nativity, Region of Origin, and Division of Residence," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 40(1), pages 33-59, February.
    9. Dominguez, Tyan Parker & Strong, Emily Ficklin & Krieger, Nancy & Gillman, Matthew W. & Rich-Edwards, Janet W., 2009. "Differences in the self-reported racism experiences of US-born and foreign-born Black pregnant women," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 69(2), pages 258-265, July.
    10. Siddiqi, Arjumand & Jones, Marcella K. & Bruce, Donald J. & Erwin, Paul C., 2016. "Do racial inequities in infant mortality correspond to variations in societal conditions? A study of state-level income inequality in the U.S., 1992–2007," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 49-58.
    11. Madeleine F. Cohen & Anne L. Dunlop & Dayna A. Johnson & Alexis Dunn Amore & Elizabeth J. Corwin & Patricia A. Brennan, 2022. "Intergenerational Effects of Discrimination on Black American Children’s Sleep Health," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-18, March.
    12. Colen, Cynthia G. & Ramey, David M. & Cooksey, Elizabeth C. & Williams, David R., 2018. "Racial disparities in health among nonpoor African Americans and Hispanics: The role of acute and chronic discrimination," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 167-180.
    13. Harris, Ricci & Tobias, Martin & Jeffreys, Mona & Waldegrave, Kiri & Karlsen, Saffron & Nazroo, James, 2006. "Racism and health: The relationship between experience of racial discrimination and health in New Zealand," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 63(6), pages 1428-1441, September.
    14. Robert Giacalone & Mark Promislo, 2010. "Unethical and Unwell: Decrements in Well-Being and Unethical Activity at Work," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 91(2), pages 275-297, January.
    15. Orchard, Jacob & Price, Joseph, 2017. "County-level racial prejudice and the black-white gap in infant health outcomes," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 191-198.
    16. Bollini, Paola & Pampallona, Sandro & Wanner, Philippe & Kupelnick, Bruce, 2009. "Pregnancy outcome of migrant women and integration policy: A systematic review of the international literature," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 68(3), pages 452-461, February.
    17. Anders Larrabee Sonderlund & Antoinette Schoenthaler & Trine Thilsing, 2021. "The Association between Maternal Experiences of Interpersonal Discrimination and Adverse Birth Outcomes: A Systematic Review of the Evidence," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-31, February.
    18. Williams, David R. & Gonzalez, Hector M. & Williams, Stacey & Mohammed, Selina A. & Moomal, Hashim & Stein, Dan J., 2008. "Perceived discrimination, race and health in South Africa," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 67(3), pages 441-452, August.
    19. Cunningham, Timothy J. & Seeman, Teresa E. & Kawachi, Ichiro & Gortmaker, Steven L. & Jacobs, David R. & Kiefe, Catarina I. & Berkman, Lisa F., 2012. "Racial/ethnic and gender differences in the association between self-reported experiences of racial/ethnic discrimination and inflammation in the CARDIA cohort of 4 US communities," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 75(5), pages 922-931.
    20. Sammy Zahran & Jeffrey G. Snodgrass & Lori Peek & Stephan Weiler, 2010. "Maternal Hurricane Exposure and Fetal Distress Risk," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 30(10), pages 1590-1601, October.
    21. Bell, Janice F. & Zimmerman, Frederick J. & Almgren, Gunnar R. & Mayer, Jonathan D. & Huebner, Colleen E., 2006. "Birth outcomes among urban African-American women: A multilevel analysis of the role of racial residential segregation," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 63(12), pages 3030-3045, December.
    22. Heard-Garris, N.J. & Cale, M. & Camaj, L. & Hamati, M.C. & Dominguez, T.P., 2018. "Transmitting Trauma: A systematic review of vicarious racism and child health," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 230-240.
    23. Brady, Sonya S. & Arguedas, Andrés & Huling, Jared D. & Hellemann, Gerhard & Lewis, Cora E. & Fok, Cynthia S. & Van Den Eeden, Stephen K. & Markland, Alayne D., 2024. "Discrimination and bladder health among women in the CARDIA cohort study: Life course and intersectionality perspectives," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 341(C).

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