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Environmental justice, cumulative environmental risk, and health among low- and middle-income children in upstate New York

Author

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  • Evans, G.W.
  • Marcynyszyn, L.A.

Abstract

Objectives. We documented inequitable, cumulative environmental risk exposure and health between predominantly White low-income and middle-income children residing in rural areas in upstate New York. Methods. Cross-sectional data for 216 third- through fifth-grade children included overnight urinary neuroendocrine levels, noise levels, residential crowding (people/room), and housing quality. Results. After control for income, maternal education, family structure, age, and gender, cumulative environmental risk exposure (0-3) (risk > 1 SD above the mean for each singular risk factor [0, 1]) was substantially greater for low-income children. Cumulative environmental risk was positively correlated with elevated overnight epinephrine, norepinephrine, and cortisol in the low-income sample but not in the middle-income sample. Conclusions. Cumulative environmental risk exposure among low-income families may contribute to bad health, beginning in early childhood.

Suggested Citation

  • Evans, G.W. & Marcynyszyn, L.A., 2004. "Environmental justice, cumulative environmental risk, and health among low- and middle-income children in upstate New York," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 94(11), pages 1942-1944.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:2004:94:11:1942-1944_3
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    Cited by:

    1. Ari S. Lewis & Sonja N. Sax & Susan C. Wason & Sharan L. Campleman, 2011. "Non-Chemical Stressors and Cumulative Risk Assessment: An Overview of Current Initiatives and Potential Air Pollutant Interactions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 8(6), pages 1-54, June.
    2. Devon C. Payne-Sturges & Madeleine K. Scammell & Jonathan I. Levy & Deborah A. Cory-Slechta & Elaine Symanski & Jessie L. Carr Shmool & Robert Laumbach & Stephen Linder & Jane E. Clougherty, 2018. "Methods for Evaluating the Combined Effects of Chemical and Nonchemical Exposures for Cumulative Environmental Health Risk Assessment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-21, December.
    3. Garcia, Antonio, 2009. "Contextual pathways to Latino child welfare involvement: A theoretical model located in the intersections of place, culture, and socio-structural factors," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 31(12), pages 1240-1250, December.
    4. Juwel Rana & Jalal Uddin & Richard Peltier & Youssef Oulhote, 2019. "Associations between Indoor Air Pollution and Acute Respiratory Infections among Under-Five Children in Afghanistan: Do SES and Sex Matter?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-13, August.
    5. King, Katherine, 2012. "Aggravating conditions: Cynical hostility and neighborhood ambient stressors," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 75(12), pages 2258-2266.
    6. Ganlin Huang & Jonathan K. London, 2012. "Cumulative Environmental Vulnerability and Environmental Justice in California’s San Joaquin Valley," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-16, May.
    7. Ming Chen & Huiyun Zhu & Yiqi Du & Geliang Yang, 2018. "How does the social environment during life course embody in and influence the development of cancer?," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 63(7), pages 811-821, September.
    8. Masuda, Jeffrey R. & Teelucksingh, Cheryl & Zupancic, Tara & Crabtree, Alexis & Haber, Rebecca & Skinner, Emily & Poland, Blake & Frankish, Jim & Fridell, Mara, 2012. "Out of our inner city backyards: Re-scaling urban environmental health inequity assessment," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 75(7), pages 1244-1253.
    9. Amanda T. Charette & Mary B. Collins & Jaime E. Mirowsky, 2021. "Assessing residential socioeconomic factors associated with pollutant releases using EPA’s Toxic Release Inventory," Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, Springer;Association of Environmental Studies and Sciences, vol. 11(2), pages 247-257, June.
    10. Limor Goldner & Rachel Lev-Weisel & Yael Schanan, 2019. "Caring about Tomorrow: the Role of Potency, Socio-Economic Status and Gender in Israeli Adolescents’ Academic Future Orientation," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 12(4), pages 1333-1349, August.

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