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Substance use among runaway and homeless youth in three national samples

Author

Listed:
  • Greene, J.M.
  • Ennett, S.T.
  • Ringwalt, C.L.

Abstract

Objectives. Standardized estimates of the prevalence of substance use by runaway and homeless youth between the ages of 12 and 21 in various settings were compared with each other and with estimates for youth in the general population. Methods. Four surveys were used: (1) a nationally representative survey of runaway and homeless youth residing in federally and non-federally funded shelters; (2) a multicity survey of street youth; (3) a nationally representative household survey of youth with and without recent runaway and homeless experiences; and (4) a nationally representative household survey of youth whose previous runaway/homeless status was unknown. Results. For almost every substance, substance use prevalence was highest among street youth. Shelter youth and household youth with recent runaway/homeless experiences reported similar rates. In the household surveys, substance use rates were lowest and were generally comparable. Conclusions. Many homeless and runaway youth use tobacco, alcohol, and other drags at rates substantially higher than nonrunaway and nonhomeless youth, indicating a need for comprehensive and intensive substance abuse prevention and treatment services for these youth.

Suggested Citation

  • Greene, J.M. & Ennett, S.T. & Ringwalt, C.L., 1997. "Substance use among runaway and homeless youth in three national samples," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 87(2), pages 229-235.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:1997:87:2:229-235_0
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    Cited by:

    1. Ford, Jason A. & Pomykacz, Corey R. & Ortiz, Kasim & McCabe, Sean Esteban & Schepis, Ty S., 2020. "Educational attainment and prescription drug misuse: The importance of push and pull factors for dropping out," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    2. Yoshioka-Maxwell, Amanda & Rice, Eric, 2020. "Exploring the relationship between foster care experiences and social network engagement among a sample of homeless former foster youth," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).
    3. AKINPELU, Ibrahim Lanre, 2021. "Drug Abuse, Youths and National Security Implications for Nigeria," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 5(12), pages 238-244, December.
    4. Semborski, Sara & Redline, Brian & Madden, Danielle & Granger, Theresa & Henwood, Benjamin, 2021. "Housing interventions for emerging adults experiencing homelessness: A scoping review," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
    5. Moschion, Julie & van Ours, Jan C., 2019. "Do childhood experiences of parental separation lead to homelessness?," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 211-236.
    6. McVicar, Duncan & Moschion, Julie & van Ours, Jan C., 2015. "From substance use to homelessness or vice versa?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 136, pages 89-98.
    7. Beau Kilmer & Rosalie Liccardo Pacula, 2010. "Preventing Drug Use," NBER Chapters, in: Targeting Investments in Children: Fighting Poverty When Resources Are Limited, pages 181-220, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    8. Brodie Fraser & Nevil Pierse & Elinor Chisholm & Hera Cook, 2019. "LGBTIQ+ Homelessness: A Review of the Literature," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-13, July.
    9. Yu, Yanping & Atkinson-Sheppard, Sally & Gao, Yunjiao, 2020. "Impulsiveness or self-protection? Exploring individual perceptions, family and school strains related to why adolescents run away from home in China," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
    10. Monica H. Swahn & Rachel Culbreth & Nazarius Mbona Tumwesigye & Volkan Topalli & Eric Wright & Rogers Kasirye, 2018. "Problem Drinking, Alcohol-Related Violence, and Homelessness among Youth Living in the Slums of Kampala, Uganda," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-13, May.
    11. Khezri, Mehrdad & Mirzazadeh, Ali & McFarland, Willi & Iranpour, Abedin & Shahesmaeili, Armita & Zarei, Jasem & Mousavian, Ghazal & Mehmandoost, Soheil & Sharifi, Hamid, 2020. "Prevalence of substance use and associated risk factors among homeless youth in Iran: A cross-sectional study," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).
    12. Heerde, Jessica A. & Hemphill, Sheryl A., 2014. "A systematic review of associations between perpetration of physically violent behaviors and property offenses, victimization and use of substances among homeless youth," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 265-277.
    13. Hickler, Benjamin & Auerswald, Colette L., 2009. "The worlds of homeless white and African American youth in San Francisco, California: A cultural epidemiological comparison," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 68(5), pages 824-831, March.
    14. Brooks, Ronald A. & Milburn, Norweeta G. & Jane Rotheram-Borus, Mary & Witkin, Andrea, 2004. "The system-of-care for homeless youth: perceptions of service providers," Evaluation and Program Planning, Elsevier, vol. 27(4), pages 443-451, November.
    15. Morton, Matthew H. & Kugley, Shannon & Epstein, Richard & Farrell, Anne, 2020. "Interventions for youth homelessness: A systematic review of effectiveness studies," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).

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