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Lead-contaminated house dust and urban children's blood lead levels

Author

Listed:
  • Lanphear, B.P.
  • Michael Weitzman, M.D.
  • Winter, N.L.
  • Eberly, S.
  • Yakir, B.
  • Tanner, M.
  • Emond, M.
  • Matte, T.D.

Abstract

Objectives. This study assessed the relationship between lead- contaminated house dust and urban children's blood lead levels. Methods. A random-sample survey was used to identify and enroll 205 children, 12 to 31 months of age, who had resided in the same house since at least 6 months of age. Children's blood and household dust, water, soil, and paint were analyzed for lead, and interviews were conducted to ascertain risk factors for elevated blood lead (≤ 10 μg/dL). Results. Children's mean blood lead level was 7.7 μg/dL. In addition to dust lead loading (micrograms of lead per square foot), independent predictors of children's blood lead were Black race, soil lead levels, ingestion of soil or dirt, lead content and condition of painted surfaces, and water lead levels. For dust lead standards of 5 μg/sq ft, 20 μg/sq ft, and 40 μg/sq ft on noncarpeted floors, the estimated percentages of children having blood lead levels at or above 10 μg/dL were 4%, 15%, and 20%, respectively, after adjusting for other significant covariates. Conclusions. Lead-contaminated house dust is a significant contributor to lead intake among urban children who have low- level elevations in blood lead. A substantial proportion of children may have blood lead levels of at least 10 μg/dL at dust lead levels considerably lower than current standards.

Suggested Citation

  • Lanphear, B.P. & Michael Weitzman, M.D. & Winter, N.L. & Eberly, S. & Yakir, B. & Tanner, M. & Emond, M. & Matte, T.D., 1996. "Lead-contaminated house dust and urban children's blood lead levels," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 86(10), pages 1416-1421.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:1996:86:10:1416-1421_2
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Jonathan P. Duckart, 1998. "An Evaluation of the Baltimore Community Lead Education and Reduction Corps (CLEARCorps) Program," Evaluation Review, , vol. 22(3), pages 373-402, June.
    2. Kenta Matsumura & Kei Hamazaki & Akiko Tsuchida & Hidekuni Inadera & The Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS) Group, 2021. "House Dust Avoidance during Pregnancy and Subsequent Infant Development: The Japan Environment and Children’s Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-12, April.
    3. Hyejoon Park & Keeyoon Noh & Jihyun Jane Min & Christopher Rupar, 2020. "Effects of Toxic Metal Contamination in the Tri-State Mining District on the Ecological Community and Human Health: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-33, September.
    4. Prateek M. Shrestha & Jamie L. Humphrey & Kelsey E. Barton & Elizabeth J. Carlton & John L. Adgate & Elisabeth D. Root & Shelly L. Miller, 2019. "Impact of Low-Income Home Energy-Efficiency Retrofits on Building Air Tightness and Healthy Home Indicators," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-22, May.
    5. Deniz Yeter & Ellen C. Banks & Michael Aschner, 2020. "Disparity in Risk Factor Severity for Early Childhood Blood Lead among Predominantly African-American Black Children: The 1999 to 2010 US NHANES," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-26, February.
    6. Janvier Gasana & WayWay M. Hlaing & Kristy A. Siegel & Armando Chamorro & Theophile Niyonsenga, 2006. "Blood Lead Levels in Children and Environmental Lead Contamination in Miami Inner City, Florida," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 3(3), pages 1-7, September.
    7. Chang Ho Yu & Lih‐Ming Yiin & Paul J. Lioy, 2006. "The Bioaccessibility of Lead (Pb) from Vacuumed House Dust on Carpets in Urban Residences," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 26(1), pages 125-134, February.
    8. Mai Takagi & Atsushi Tanaka & Haruhiko Seyama & Ayumi Uematsu & Masayuki Kaji & Jun Yoshinaga, 2020. "Source Identification Analysis of Lead in the Blood of Japanese Children by Stable Isotope Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-13, October.
    9. Alana M. W. LeBrón & Ivy R. Torres & Enrique Valencia & Miriam López Dominguez & Deyaneira Guadalupe Garcia-Sanchez & Michael D. Logue & Jun Wu, 2019. "The State of Public Health Lead Policies: Implications for Urban Health Inequities and Recommendations for Health Equity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-28, March.

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