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Trends over 4 decades in disability-free life expectancy in the United States

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  • Crimmins, E.M.
  • Zhang, Y.
  • Saito, Y.

Abstract

Objectives. To examine changes over 40 years (1970-2010) in life expectancy, life expectancy with disability, and disability-free life expectancy for American men and women of all ages. Methods. We used mortality rates from US Vital Statistics and data on disability prevalence in the community-dwelling population from the National Health Interview Survey; for the institutional population, we computed disability prevalence from the US Census. We used the Sullivan method to estimate disabled and disability-free life expectancy for 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, and 2010. Results. Over the 40 years, there was a steady increase in both disability-free life expectancy and disabled life expectancy. At birth, increases in disabled life and nondisabled life were equal for men (4.5 years); for women, at birth the increase in life with disability (3.6 years) exceeded the increase in life free of disability (2.7 years). At age 65 years, the increase in disability-free life was greater than the increase in disabled life. Conclusions. Across the life cycle, there was no compression of morbidity, but at age 65 years some compression occurred.

Suggested Citation

  • Crimmins, E.M. & Zhang, Y. & Saito, Y., 2016. "Trends over 4 decades in disability-free life expectancy in the United States," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 106(7), pages 1287-1293.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2016.303120_5
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2016.303120
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    Cited by:

    1. Yuka S. Minagawa, 2018. "Changing Life Expectancy and Health Expectancy Among Russian Adults: Results from the Past 20 Years," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 37(5), pages 851-869, October.
    2. J. Jona Schellekens, 2019. "Explaining Disability Trends in the United States, 1963–2015," Population and Development Review, The Population Council, Inc., vol. 45(4), pages 819-834, December.
    3. Zachary Zimmer & Yasuhiko Saito & Olga Theou & Clove Haviva & Kenneth Rockwood, 2021. "Education, wealth, and duration of life expected in various degrees of frailty," European Journal of Ageing, Springer, vol. 18(3), pages 393-404, September.
    4. Esme Fuller-Thomson & Jason Ferreirinha & Katherine Marie Ahlin, 2023. "Temporal Trends (from 2008 to 2017) in Functional Limitations and Limitations in Activities of Daily Living: Findings from a Nationally Representative Sample of 5.4 Million Older Americans," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-11, February.
    5. Bavafa, Hessam & Mukherjee, Anita & Welch, Tyler Q., 2023. "Inequality in the golden years: Wealth gradients in disability-free and work-free longevity in the United States," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 92(C).
    6. Md Shariful Islam & Md Ismail Tareque & Md Nazrul Islam Mondal & Ahbab Mohammad Fazle Rabbi & Hafiz T A Khan & Sharifa Begum, 2017. "Urban-rural differences in disability-free life expectancy in Bangladesh using the 2010 HIES data," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(7), pages 1-13, July.
    7. Abeliansky, Ana Lucia & Strulik, Holger, 2019. "Long-run improvements in human health: Steady but unequal," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 14(C).

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