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Revisiting the role of the urban environment in substance use: The case of analgesic overdose fatalities

Author

Listed:
  • Cerdá, M.
  • Ransome, Y.
  • Keyes, K.M.
  • Koenen, K.C.
  • Tardiff, K.
  • Vlahov, D.
  • Galea, S.

Abstract

Objectives. We examined whether neighborhood social characteristics (income distribution and family fragmentation) and physical characteristics (clean sidewalks and dilapidated housing) were associated with the risk of fatalities caused by analgesic overdose. Methods. In a case-control study, we compared 447 unintentional analgesic opioid overdose fatalities (cases) with 3436 unintentional nonoverdose fatalities and 2530 heroin overdose fatalities (controls) occurring in 59 New York City neighborhoods between 2000 and 2006. Results. Analgesic overdose fatalities were less likely than nonoverdose unintentional fatalities to have occurred in higher-income neighborhoods (odds ratio [OR] = 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.70, 0.96) and more likely to have occurred in fragmented neighborhoods (OR = 1.35; 95% CI = 1.05, 1.72). They were more likely than heroin overdose fatalities to have occurred in higherincome (OR = 1.31; 95% CI = 1.12, 1.54) and less fragmented (OR = 0.71; 95% CI = 0.55, 0.92) neighborhoods. Conclusions. Analgesic overdose fatalities exhibit spatial patterns that are distinct from those of heroin and nonoverdose unintentional fatalities. Whereas analgesic fatalities typically occur in lower-income, more fragmented neighborhoods than nonoverdose fatalities, they tend to occur in higher-income, less unequal, and less fragmented neighborhoods than heroin fatalities.

Suggested Citation

  • Cerdá, M. & Ransome, Y. & Keyes, K.M. & Koenen, K.C. & Tardiff, K. & Vlahov, D. & Galea, S., 2013. "Revisiting the role of the urban environment in substance use: The case of analgesic overdose fatalities," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 103(12), pages 2252-2260.
  • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2013.301347_6
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301347
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    Cited by:

    1. Dustin T. Duncan & Farzana Kapadia & Perry N. Halkitis, 2014. "Examination of Spatial Polygamy among Young Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men in New York City: The P18 Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-22, August.
    2. Sauer, Jeffery & Stewart, Kathleen, 2023. "Geographic information science and the United States opioid overdose crisis: A scoping review of methods, scales, and application areas," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 317(C).
    3. Alexander Chapman, 2022. "The Opioid Crisis and Child Maltreatment Across Counties and Time in the United States, 2007–2017," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 703(1), pages 139-161, September.
    4. Nicole J. Johnson & Caterina G. Roman & Alyssa K. Mendlein & Courtney Harding & Melissa Francis & Laura Hendrick, 2020. "Exploring the Influence of Drug Trafficking Gangs on Overdose Deaths in the Largest Narcotics Market in the Eastern United States," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 9(11), pages 1-21, November.
    5. Giuseppe Carrà & Francesco Bartoli & Ilaria Riboldi & Giulia Trotta & Cristina Crocamo, 2018. "Poverty matters: Cannabis use among people with serious mental illness: Findings from the United States survey on drug use and health, 2015," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 64(7), pages 656-659, November.

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