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Kontrowersje wokół wpływu nowoczesnych technologii na zatrudnienie i bezrobocie

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  • Łukasz Arendt
  • Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski

Abstract

Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja zmian na współczesnych rynkach pracy wywołanych stosowaniem nowoczesnych technologii. Podstawą analiz są ustalenia teoretyczne i empiryczne w literaturze ekonomicznej. Z analiz wynika, że zastosowanie podejścia zadaniowego w analizie popytu na pracę pozwoliło lepiej rozpoznać kanały wpływu nowoczesnych technologii na rozmiary i struktury popytu na pracę, w szczególności efekt przemieszczenia, efekt produktywności i efekt kreacji nowych zadań. Zwrócono uwagę na możliwość powstawania segmentacji rynku pracy w rezultacie stosowania nowoczesnych technologii. W prowadzonych w wielu krajach badaniach empirycznych nie znalazły potwierdzenia alarmistyczne przepowiednie o możliwości powstawania wysokiego bezrobocia technologicznego w rezultacie stosowania nowoczesnych technologii. Natomiast zmiany w strukturze popytu na pracę są ewidentne. Dostępne dane i badania wskazują też, że pandemia COVID-19 mimo pierwotnego szoku dla rynku pracy nie doprowadziła do rewolucyjnych zmian w popycie na pracę i jego strukturze.

Suggested Citation

  • Łukasz Arendt & Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski, 2023. "Kontrowersje wokół wpływu nowoczesnych technologii na zatrudnienie i bezrobocie," Ekonomista, Polskie Towarzystwo Ekonomiczne, issue 2, pages 195-216.
    • Handle: RePEc:aoq:ekonom:y:2023:i:2:p:195-216
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    nowoczesne technologie; zmiany rozmiarów i struktury popytu na pracę; podejście zadaniowe w analizie popytu na pracę;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
    • J23 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Demand
    • J42 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Particular Labor Markets - - - Monopsony; Segmented Labor Markets
    • O33 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes

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