Achievements of Cassava Agronomy Research in Southern Ethiopia in the Last two Decades

The paper describes research results of obtained in the process of generation of appropriate cultural practices, cropping systems and other agronomic studies of cassava in Ethiopia. Based on plant population studies carried out for three consecutive years on major cassava growing areas of SNNPR, plant spacing of 100 cm x 80, 120 cm x 80 and 80 cm x 80 was recommended for Awassa, Amaro kele and Amaro Jijola areas, respectively. The moisture content of cassava roots were invariably higher in varieties Qule, Kele and local in 12th and 15th MAP; But, decreases there after markedly in a linear way. Conversely, viscosity and root yield of the cassava increases significantly (P < 0.05) starting the 12th MAP. Results of intercropping maize and cassava showed that alternate rows (1C:1M) had LER advantage of 71%. Similarly, growing cassava intercropped with haricot bean, cow pea, soy bean and mung bean resulted in LER of 1.82, 1.49. 1.48 and 1.62 compared to sole beans in Amaro area. In one study that investigated planting positions and planting parts, slant and vertical plantings are suitable in Awassa sandy soils compared to horizontal planting. Similarly, this study revealed that planting materials shall be taken from middle and top part of the main stem of cassava compared to its branches. In another study that investigated land preparation methods, it was found that furrow and ridge planting produced comparable results of 48t/ha and 43t/ha compared to 38t/ha produced by flat plantings. Planting date trial carried out for three consecutive seasons elaborated that rainfed cassava planting could be carried out from mid April to early May based on optimum marketable and total tuber yield obtained. Thus, the crop responded very well to crop management practices like plant density, land preparation methods, planting positions, intercropping, etc.and farmers or investors could optimize production by using these recommendations.