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A Shift to Solar Irrigation Pump-sets: A Case Study of Two Villages in Uttar Pradesh, India

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  • Chatterjee, Juhi
  • Kantikar, Tejal

Abstract

Renewable energy technologies are being actively encouraged in India by policies that promote public and private investment in renewable energy. New regulatory and financial incentives to establish the use of renewable energy, especially in irrigation, have created the potential for a shift towards renewable sources in the sector. This paper analyses the differential nature of the impact and dynamics involved in shifting to solar pump-sets in two villages in Hardoi district, Uttar Pradesh, India. The short-term impact of a private solar mini-grid intervention is evaluated using a pre- and post-intervention evaluation of beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries across different socio-economic classes. The paper offers a comparative analysis of the irrigation costs associated with various fuels, alongside a comparison of annualised lifecycle cost (ALCC) across varying technological and regulatory configurations, demonstrating that energy-efficient electric pump-sets might still be cheaper than all configurations of solar energy. The study found that grid-connected solar pumps are only viable when operated for less than 500 hours annually, while off-grid solar pumps are more cost-effective at higher usage levels. The paper also outlines a framework for the implementation of a hypothetical scheme aimed at promoting solar irrigation among farmers with landholdings exceeding 6 acres. It provides estimates of the potential district-wide costs associated with such a scheme’s implementation and finds that implementing a shift to solar for farmers operating on less than 4 acres of land is economically unviable, since grid-based electricity is the least-cost option with respect to irrigation for this group at present. This study thus argues for designing schemes for the promotion of solar technologies that target beneficiaries based on the size of the land holdings.

Suggested Citation

  • Chatterjee, Juhi & Kantikar, Tejal, 2024. "A Shift to Solar Irrigation Pump-sets: A Case Study of Two Villages in Uttar Pradesh, India," Review of Agrarian Studies, Foundation for Agrarian Studies, vol. 14(01).
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:ragrar:347300
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Modak, Tapas Singh, 2018. "From Public to Private Irrigation: Implications for Equity in Access to Water," Review of Agrarian Studies, Foundation for Agrarian Studies, vol. 8(01), July.
    2. Gopal, C. & Mohanraj, M. & Chandramohan, P. & Chandrasekar, P., 2013. "Renewable energy source water pumping systems—A literature review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 351-370.
    3. Santra, Priyabrata, 2021. "Performance evaluation of solar PV pumping system for providing irrigation through micro-irrigation techniques using surface water resources in hot arid region of India," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).
    4. Sanghamitra Mukherjee & Tensay Meles & L. (Lisa B.) Ryan & Séin Healy & Robert Mooney & Lindsay Sharpe & Paul Hayes, 2020. "Attitudes to Renewable Energy Technologies: Driving Change in Early Adopter Markets," Working Papers 202026, School of Economics, University College Dublin.
    5. Sontake, Vimal Chand & Kalamkar, Vilas R., 2016. "Solar photovoltaic water pumping system - A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 1038-1067.
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