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Optimal Licensing of Agricultural Patents: Fees Versus Royalties

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  • Fang, Di
  • Richards, Timothy
  • Rickard, Bradley

Abstract

We develop a theoretical model of optimal licensing schemes for quality-improving innovations. We consider an oligopolistic market where two downstream firms compete in price and the upstream innovator holds a technology that may create differentiation between the products. Our results show that non-exclusive licensing performs better than exclusive licensing under both fixed fees and royalties and that the preferred contract consists of fixed fees only. We also find that the innovator’s license revenue depends on the magnitude of the innovation so there is a greater reward to the innovator’s institution if the innovation is large.

Suggested Citation

  • Fang, Di & Richards, Timothy & Rickard, Bradley, 2015. "Optimal Licensing of Agricultural Patents: Fees Versus Royalties," Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Western Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 40(1), pages 1-22.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:jlaare:197374
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.197374
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Antelo, Manel & Bru, Lluís, 2022. "Product licensing in a Stackelberg industry," MPRA Paper 113985, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. H. Phoebe Chan, 2022. "The Welfare Effects of Licensing Product-Differentiating Technology in a Commodity Market," Review of Industrial Organization, Springer;The Industrial Organization Society, vol. 60(4), pages 491-510, June.
    3. Antelo, Manel & Bru, Lluís, 2023. "Licensing a product innovation from an external innovator to a Stackelberg duopoly," MPRA Paper 117542, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Akhundjanov, Sherzod B. & Gallardo, R. Karina & McCluskey, Jill J. & Rickard, Bradley J., 2020. "Commercialization of a demand-enhancing innovation: The release of a new apple variety by a public university," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 88-100.
    5. Yan, Qingyou & Yang, Le, 2018. "Optimal licensing in a differentiated Bertrand market under uncertain R&D outcomes and technology spillover," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 117-126.
    6. Antelo, Manel & Bru, Lluís, 2023. "Why some product innovations are licensed and others are not?," Research in Economics, Elsevier, vol. 77(1), pages 152-158.

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    Keywords

    Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy;

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