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The Indian Gaming Regulatory Act and Its Effects on American Indian Economic Development

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  • Randall K. Q. Akee
  • Katherine A. Spilde
  • Jonathan B. Taylor

Abstract

The Indian Gaming Regulatory Act (IGRA), passed by the US Congress in 1988, was a watershed in the history of policymaking directed toward reservation-resident American Indians. IGRA set the stage for tribal government-owned gaming facilities. It also shaped how this new industry would develop and how tribal governments would invest gaming revenues. Since then, Indian gaming has approached commercial, state-licensed gaming in total revenues. Gaming operations have had a far-reaching and transformative effect on American Indian reservations and their economies. Specifically, Indian gaming has allowed marked improvements in several important dimensions of reservation life. For the first time, some tribal governments have moved to fiscal independence. Native nations have invested gaming revenues in their economies and societies, often with dramatic effect.

Suggested Citation

  • Randall K. Q. Akee & Katherine A. Spilde & Jonathan B. Taylor, 2015. "The Indian Gaming Regulatory Act and Its Effects on American Indian Economic Development," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 29(3), pages 185-208, Summer.
    • Handle: RePEc:aea:jecper:v:29:y:2015:i:3:p:185-208
    Note: DOI: 10.1257/jep.29.3.185
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    Cited by:

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    3. Jordan K. Lofthouse, 2019. "Liberty versus Bureaucracy on Native American Lands," Journal of Private Enterprise, The Association of Private Enterprise Education, vol. 34(Spring 20), pages 87-101.
    4. Nichols, Mark W. & Tosun, Mehmet Serkan, 2017. "The impact of legalized casino gambling on crime," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 1-15.
    5. Donn L Feir & Rob Gillezeau & Maggie E C Jones, 2024. "The Slaughter of the Bison and Reversal of Fortunes on the Great Plains," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 91(3), pages 1634-1670.
    6. Melinda C. Miller, 2024. "Assimilation and economic development: the case of federal Indian policy," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 199(3), pages 387-404, June.
    7. Samia Badji & Nicole Black & David W. Johnston, 2021. "Consequences of Greater Gambling Accessibility," Papers 2021-06, Centre for Health Economics, Monash University.
    8. Michael DiNardi & Melanie Guldi & David Simon, 2019. "Body weight and Internet access: evidence from the rollout of broadband providers," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 32(3), pages 877-913, July.
    9. Nalini Bikkina, 2018. "What the Tribal Peoples Displaced by Development in India Can Learn from the Resilience of the Winnebago Tribe in Nebraska," Journal of Developing Societies, , vol. 34(4), pages 351-372, December.
    10. Donn Feir & Rob Gillezeau & Maggie Jones, 2017. "The Slaughter of the North American Bison and Reversal of Fortunes on the Great Plains," Department Discussion Papers 1701, Department of Economics, University of Victoria.
    11. Antman, Francisca M. & Duncan, Brian, 2023. "American Indian Casinos and Native American Self-Identification," IZA Discussion Papers 15861, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    12. Berman, Matthew, 2018. "Resource rents, universal basic income, and poverty among Alaska’s Indigenous peoples," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 161-172.
    13. Laurel Wheeler, 2019. "Property Rights, Place-Based Policies, and Economic Development," Working Papers 19-16, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • J15 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants; Non-labor Discrimination
    • K22 - Law and Economics - - Regulation and Business Law - - - Business and Securities Law
    • L51 - Industrial Organization - - Regulation and Industrial Policy - - - Economics of Regulation
    • L83 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Sports; Gambling; Restaurants; Recreation; Tourism
    • L88 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Government Policy

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