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Inequality in the Effects of Primary School Closures Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from the Netherlands

Author

Listed:
  • Carla Haelermans
  • Madelon Jacobs
  • Rolf van der Velden
  • Lynn van Vugt
  • Sanne van Wetten

Abstract

Using a large dataset of around 500,000 students from about 1,900 schools, this paper shows the effect of two school closures and 1.5 years of the COVID-19 pandemic on standardized learning growth for mathematics, reading, and spelling in Dutch primary education. We find that the school closures have a negative effect on standardized learning growth, amounting to an annual average of 5.5 weeks of learning loss. When analyzing differential effects by socioeconomic status, parental education, household income, household structure, household size, and migration status, we find that the negative effect is larger for the more vulnerable students.

Suggested Citation

  • Carla Haelermans & Madelon Jacobs & Rolf van der Velden & Lynn van Vugt & Sanne van Wetten, 2022. "Inequality in the Effects of Primary School Closures Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from the Netherlands," AEA Papers and Proceedings, American Economic Association, vol. 112, pages 303-307, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:aea:apandp:v:112:y:2022:p:303-07
    DOI: 10.1257/pandp.20221107
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Iqbal,Syedah Aroob & Patrinos,Harry Anthony, 2023. "Learning during the Pandemic : Evidence from Uzbekistan," Policy Research Working Paper Series 10474, The World Bank.
    2. Breidenbach, Philipp & Hörnig, Lukas & Schaffner, Sandra, 2023. "The divergence of school track choices after Covid-19," Ruhr Economic Papers 1032, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen.
    3. Jakubowski, Maciej & Gajderowicz, Tomasz & Patrinos, Harry Anthony, 2023. "Global learning loss in student achievement: First estimates using comparable reading scores," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 232(C).

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • D63 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
    • H51 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Government Expenditures and Health
    • I12 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health Behavior
    • I18 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health
    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
    • I28 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Government Policy
    • J15 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants; Non-labor Discrimination

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