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Dynamik von akademischen Spinoff-Gründungen in Österreich

Author

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  • Egeln, Jürgen
  • Fryges, Helmut
  • Gottschalk, Sandra
  • Rammer, Christian

Abstract

Mit der steigenden Nachfrage nach neuem Wissen kommt der öffentlichen Forschung eine wachsende Rolle als Produzentin von wirtschaftlich relevantem Wissen zu. Durch eine Stärkung des Wissens- und Technologietransfers soll dieses Potenzial besser für Wachstum und Wettbewerbsfähigkeit einer Wirtschaft genutzt werden. Ferner verspricht man sich gerade angesichts der Bedeutung von Unternehmensgründungen für die Dynamik in wissensintensiven Branchen von Spinoff-Gründungen aus der Wissenschaft einen wichtigen Beitrag zu diesem Transfer. Als akademische Spinoff-Gründungen werden dabei jene Neugründungen von Unternehmen verstanden, die mit dem Zweck, neues Wissen, das in öffentlichen Forschungseinrichtungen (Universitäten, Fachhochschulen, außeruniversitären staatlichen Forschungseinrichtungen) erarbeitet wurde, in Marktangebote und damit in Wertschöpfung und Beschäftigung umzusetzen, gegründet wurden. Derartige Spinoff-Gründungen stellen also einen Transfermechanismus zwischen akademischer Forschung einerseits und direkter kommerzieller Anwendung andererseits dar. In dieser Arbeit wird untersucht, ob sich Spinoff-Gründungen und andere Gründungen in den forschungs- und wissensintensiven Wirtschaftszweigen in Österreich im Hinblick auf Performance sowie der verschiedenen Erfolgsfaktoren voneinander unterscheiden. Mit Hilfe von Matching-Verfahren werden Paare möglichst ähnlicher Unternehmen aus der Gruppe der Spinoffs und der anderen Gründungen gebildet. Ein Vergleich der Mittelwerte der beiden Gruppen gibt Aufschluss darüber, inwieweit der Umstand, dass es sich bei den Unternehmen um Spinoffs handelt, einen Einfluss auf die Dynamik und die Performance der Unternehmen hat. Ferner werden die Effekte verschiedener Einflussfaktoren auf die im Bereich Dynamik und Performance interessierenden Variablen untersucht. Daraus können Rückschlüsse auf die Erfolgsfaktoren von jungen Unternehmen gezogen werden. Es kann festgestellt werden, dass sich Spinoffs hinsichtlich ihres FuE-Engagements von ihren Nicht-Spinoff-Doppelgängern deutlich positiv unterscheiden und auch Jahre nach der Gründung noch in höherem Maße Anbindung an die wissenschaftliche Forschung aufweisen. Diese Unterschiede führen zwar zu einer höheren Nachhaltigkeit der Gründungen, die sich in einer höheren Überlebenswahrscheinlichkeit ausdrücken, aber nicht zu einer im Vergleich zu anderen Unternehmen günstigeren Beschäftigungs- oder Umsatzentwicklung.

Suggested Citation

  • Egeln, Jürgen & Fryges, Helmut & Gottschalk, Sandra & Rammer, Christian, 2007. "Dynamik von akademischen Spinoff-Gründungen in Österreich," ZEW Discussion Papers 07-021, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:zewdip:5509
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Scott Shane & Toby Stuart, 2002. "Organizational Endowments and the Performance of University Start-ups," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 48(1), pages 154-170, January.
    2. A. D. Roy, 1951. "Some Thoughts On The Distribution Of Earnings," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 3(2), pages 135-146.
    3. Nerkar, Atul & Shane, Scott, 2003. "When do start-ups that exploit patented academic knowledge survive?," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 21(9), pages 1391-1410, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Norbert Kailer, 2009. "Entrepreneurship Education: Empirical Findings And Proposals For The Design Of Entrepreneurship Education Concepts At Universities In German-Speaking Countries," Journal of Enterprising Culture (JEC), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 17(02), pages 201-231.
    2. Dorner, Matthias & Fryges, Helmut & Schopen, Kathrin, 2017. "Wages in high-tech start-ups – Do academic spin-offs pay a wage premium?," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 46(1), pages 1-18.
    3. Müller, Kathrin, 2008. "University Spin-Off's Transfer Speed: Analyzing the Time from Leaving University to Venture," ZEW Discussion Papers 08-034, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    4. Müller, Kathrin, 2010. "Academic spin-off's transfer speed--Analyzing the time from leaving university to venture," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(2), pages 189-199, March.
    5. Gottschalk, Sandra, 2013. "The Research Data Centre of the Centre for European Economic Research (ZEW-FDZ)," ZEW Discussion Papers 13-051, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.

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