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Regional integration in Africa

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  • Hartzenberg, Trudi

Abstract

This paper examines the history of regional integration in Africa, what has motivated it, the different initiatives that African governments have pursued, the nature of the integration process, and the current challenges. Regional integration is seen as a rational response to the difficulties faced by a continent with many small national markets and landlocked countries. As a result, African governments have concluded a very large number of regional integration arrangements, several of which have significant membership overlap. While characterized by ambitious targets, they have a dismally poor implementation record. Part of the problem may lie in the paradigm of linear market integration, marked by stepwise integration of goods, labour and capital markets, and eventually monetary and fiscal integration. This tends to focus on border measures such as the import tariff. However, supply-side constraints may be more important. A deeper integration agenda that includes services, investment, competition policy and other behind-the-border issues can address the national-level supply-side constraints far more effectively than an agenda which focuses almost exclusively on border measures.

Suggested Citation

  • Hartzenberg, Trudi, 2011. "Regional integration in Africa," WTO Staff Working Papers ERSD-2011-14, World Trade Organization (WTO), Economic Research and Statistics Division.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:wtowps:ersd201114
    DOI: 10.30875/fad9df15-en
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. World Bank, "undated". "Africa's Pulse, September 2011 : An Analysis of Issues Shaping Africa's Economic Future," World Bank Publications - Reports 20241, The World Bank Group.
    2. World Bank, "undated". "Africa's Pulse, April 2011 : An Analysis of Issues Shaping Africa's Economic Future," World Bank Publications - Reports 20242, The World Bank Group.
    3. Hossein Jalilian & Michael Tribe & John Weiss (ed.), 2000. "Industrial Development and Policy in Africa," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 1812.
    4. World Economic Forum & World Bank & African Development Bank, 2011. "The Africa Competitiveness Report 2011," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 2319.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    regional integration;

    JEL classification:

    • F15 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Economic Integration
    • O19 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - International Linkages to Development; Role of International Organizations

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