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Renteneintrittsalter und Lebensdauer: Was kostet die Frühverrentung?

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  • Kühntopf, Stephan
  • Tivig, Thusnelda

Abstract

In dieser Arbeit wird gezeigt, dass sich für die Versicherten in der gesetzlichen Rentenversicherung (GRV) ein statistischer Zusammenhang zwischen dem Alter bei Renteneintritt und der verbleibenden Lebensdauer nachweisen lässt. So steigt die fernere Lebenserwartung im Alter von 65 Jahren für Männer mit dem Renteneintrittsalter um bis zu 2,3 Jahre an. Die Lebenserwartung für Frauen ist hingegen mit einer maximalen Differenz von 0,4 Jahren nahezu unabhängig vom Renteneintrittsalter. Frühverrentung scheint sich demnach für Männer, gemessen an ihrer Lebenserwartung, nicht zu lohnen, die berechneten Rentenabschläge sind auch zu hoch. Dieser Aspekt differentieller Sterblichkeit, der nicht mit dem Kohorteneffekt einer steigenden Lebenserwartung zu verwechseln ist, kann auch für betriebliche und private Rentenkassen von Bedeutung sein. Eine einfache Modellrechnung für die GRV ergibt, dass sich die Frühverrentung für sie lohnen kann: ein früher Renteneintritt von Männern und Frauen entlastet die GRV, am kostenträchtigsten ist ein Renteneintritt im mittleren Alter von 63-64 Jahren. Am Beispiel des Rentenzugangs 2003 wird aber anschliessend gezeigt, dass die bisher übliche Annahme einer vom Renteneintrittsalter unabhängigen Lebensdauer insgesamt zu einer Deckungslücke in der Rentenversicherung führen kann.

Suggested Citation

  • Kühntopf, Stephan & Tivig, Thusnelda, 2007. "Renteneintrittsalter und Lebensdauer: Was kostet die Frühverrentung?," Thuenen-Series of Applied Economic Theory 67, University of Rostock, Institute of Economics.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:roswps:67
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gary S. Fields & Olivia S. Mitchell, 1984. "Economic Determinants of the Optimal Retirement Age: An Empirical Investigation," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 19(2), pages 245-262.
    2. Axel Boersch-Supan & Christina B. Wilke, 2004. "The German Public Pension System: How it Was, How it Will Be," NBER Working Papers 10525, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
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    4. Arnds, Pascal & Bonin, Holger, 2002. "Frühverrentung in Deutschland: Ökonomische Anreize und institutionelle Strukturen," IZA Discussion Papers 666, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    5. Börsch-Supan, Axel, 2002. "Nach der Reform ist vor der Reform: Weitere Schritte für eine nachhaltige Reform der Altersvorsorge in Deutschland," MEA discussion paper series 02015, Munich Center for the Economics of Aging (MEA) at the Max Planck Institute for Social Law and Social Policy.
    6. Axel Börsch-Supan & Reinhold Schnabel & Simone Kohnz & Giovanni Mastrobuoni, 2004. "Micro-Modeling of Retirement Decisions in Germany," NBER Chapters, in: Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World: Micro-Estimation, pages 285-344, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
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    Cited by:

    1. Hubrich, Stefan & Tivig, Thusnelda & Stubben, Hans-Dieter, 2007. "Pensionsverpflichtungen: Ein unternehmerischer Risikofaktor?," Thuenen-Series of Applied Economic Theory 80, University of Rostock, Institute of Economics.
    2. Kühntopf, Stephan & Tivig, Thusnelda, 2008. "Early retirement in Germany: Loss of income and lifetime?," Thuenen-Series of Applied Economic Theory 85, University of Rostock, Institute of Economics.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Lebenserwartung; Frühverrentung; Renteneintrittsalter; Rentenversicherung;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H55 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Social Security and Public Pensions
    • J26 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Retirement; Retirement Policies

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