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The adoption of lotteries in the United States, 1964 - 2007. A model of conditional and time-dynamical diffusion

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  • Lutter, Mark

Abstract

The paper examines the determinants of the diffusion of state lotteries as a process of policy innovation. After more than 100 years of prohibition, U.S. states began to establish lotteries in the 1960s. The article uses statistical event history analysis to show that the adoption and diffusion of state lotteries depends on fiscal, political, and regional factors of competition as well as on normative factors of social legitimization. The article develops two further arguments, first by discussing an advanced model of regional diffusion that views the regional effect as being dependent on the ideologicalinstitutional context and second by analyzing time dynamics in the diffusion process to show how initial explanatory factors change over time. In general, the findings point to the institutional environment as a factor influencing the diffusion of organizations.

Suggested Citation

  • Lutter, Mark, 2011. "The adoption of lotteries in the United States, 1964 - 2007. A model of conditional and time-dynamical diffusion," MPIfG Discussion Paper 11/4, Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:mpifgd:114
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Martin, Robert & Yandle, Bruce, 1990. "State Lotteries as Duopoly Transfer Mechanisms," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 64(3), pages 253-264, March.
    2. Alm, James & McKee, Michael J. & Skidmore, Mark, 1993. "Fiscal Pressure, Tax Competition, and the Introduction of State Lotteries," National Tax Journal, National Tax Association;National Tax Journal, vol. 46(4), pages 463-476, December.
    3. Walker, Jack L., 1969. "The Diffusion of Innovations among the American States," American Political Science Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 63(3), pages 880-899, November.
    4. Mohr, Lawrence B., 1969. "Determinants of Innovation in Organizations," American Political Science Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 63(1), pages 111-126, March.
    5. Berry, Frances Stokes & Berry, William D., 1990. "State Lottery Adoptions as Policy Innovations: An Event History Analysis," American Political Science Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 84(2), pages 395-415, June.
    6. Charles T. Clotfelter & Philip J. Cook, 1989. "Selling Hope: State Lotteries in America," NBER Books, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number clot89-1.
    7. Charles R. Shipan & Craig Volden, 2006. "Bottom‐Up Federalism: The Diffusion of Antismoking Policies from U.S. Cities to States," American Journal of Political Science, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 50(4), pages 825-843, October.
    8. Alm, James & McKee, Michael J. & Skidmore, Mark, 1993. "Fiscal Pressure, Tax Competition, and the Introduction of State Lotteries," National Tax Journal, National Tax Association, vol. 46(4), pages 463-76, December.
    9. Walker, Jack L., 1969. "The Diffusion of Innovations among the American States," American Political Science Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 63(3), pages 880-899, November.
    10. Beckert, Jens, 2005. "The Moral Embeddedness of Markets," MPIfG Discussion Paper 05/6, Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies.
    11. Jackson, John D & Saurman, David S & Shughart, William F, II, 1994. "Instant Winners: Legal Change in Transition and the Diffusion of State Lotteries," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 80(3-4), pages 245-263, September.
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