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Umweltpolitik und technologisches Anpassungsverhalten im End-of-Pipe-Fall

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  • Michaelis, Peter

Abstract

In diesem Beitrag wird gezeigt, wie sich auf Basis der zugrundeliegenden technisch-ökonomischen Zusammenhänge eine Vermeidungskostenfunktion für den Fall der Endof- Pipe-Behandlung produktionsspezifischer Schadstoffemissionen konstruieren läßt. Im Gegensatz zu den üblicherweise in der Literatur getroffenen Annahmen ist die hieraus resultierende Kostenfunktion weder konvex noch stetig differenzierbar. Dies hat zur Folge, daß sich das einzelwirtschaftliche Anpassungsverhalten bei Erhebung einer Emissionsabgabe nicht an der üblichen Marginalbedingung orientiert. Stattdessen resultieren diskontinuierliche Anpassungsprozesse (Technologiesprünge), die ausgelöst werden, wenn der Abgabesatz eine kritische Schwelle überschreitet. Die Höhe dieser Schwelle ist nicht nur von der Kostenstrukrur der Technologien abhängig, sondern auch von unternehmensindividuellen Merkmalen, wie insbesondere der Produktionskapazität. Die Zusammenhänge' zwischen umweltpolitischem Instrumenteinsatz, Unternehmensgröße und Technologiewahl werden für unterschiedliche Entscheidungssituationen analysiert und anhand eines empirischen Beispiels aus der NE-Metallindustrie illustriert. Dabei zeigt sich insbesondere, daß bei Existenz von 'sunk cost' eine Rigidität gegenüber der Ablösung veralteter Umweltschutztechniken besteht, die umso stärker ausgeprägt ist, je geringer die Kapazität des betrachteten Unternehmens ist. Abschließend wird diskutiert, welche Schlußfolgerungen aus diesen Ergebnissen für die umweltpolitische Instrumentenwahl gezogen werden können.

Suggested Citation

  • Michaelis, Peter, 1992. "Umweltpolitik und technologisches Anpassungsverhalten im End-of-Pipe-Fall," Kiel Working Papers 540, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:ifwkwp:540
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    1. Klepper, Gernot & Michaelis, Peter, 1991. "Cadmium in West Germany: how much do we know about stocks and flows?," Kiel Working Papers 494, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    2. William J. Baumol & Wallace E. Oates, 1971. "The Use of Standards and Prices for Protection of the Environment," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: Peter Bohm & Allen V. Kneese (ed.), The Economics of Environment, pages 53-65, Palgrave Macmillan.
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    1. Klepper, Gernot & Michaelis, Peter, 1992. "Reducing cadmium emission into the air," Kiel Working Papers 531, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).

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