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Einstellungsgutscheine effektiver als Kombilöhne: Reformkonzepte zur Erhöhung der Beschäftigung im Niedriglohnbereich. Niedriglohnsektor

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  • Brown, Alessio J. G.
  • Merkl, Christian
  • Snower, Dennis J.

Abstract

In jüngster Zeit wurde eine Vielzahl von Kombilohnvorschlägen zur Bekämpfung der Arbeitslosigkeit gemacht (vgl. z.B. Sinn et al. 2006; Sachverständigenrat 2006). Diese sollen Abhilfe bei der persistenten Langzeitarbeitslosigkeit und den hohen Arbeitslosenraten bei Niedrigqualifizierten schaffen. In einer Studie analysieren wir die Auswirkungen verschiedener Kombilohnmaßnahmen auf die Beschäftigung, die Einkommensverteilung und den Staatshaushalt in Deutschland (vgl. Brown, Merkl und Snower 2006). Die Studie kommt zum Ergebnis, dass die üblicherweise diskutierten Kombilohnmodelle (dauerhafte Lohnsubventionen für Niedrigverdiener) weder ein effektives Instrument zur Schaffung von Beschäftigung in Deutschland noch das beste Instrument zur Bekämpfung der Einkommensungleichheit sind. Einstellungsgutscheine (befristete Lohnsubventionen für Neueinstellungen) für Langzeitarbeitslose oder niedrig qualifizierte Arbeitnehmer sind weitaus wirkungsvoller. Das schlechtere Abschneiden von Kombilöhnen ist auf wesentlich höhere Mitnahmeeffekte und höhere Lohnforderungen (Lohneffekte) zurückzuführen. Die gegen Einstellungsgutscheine häufig vorgebrachten Drehtüreffekte stellen hingegen kein großes makroökonomisches Problem dar, denn hier überwiegen die positiven Klebeeffekte.

Suggested Citation

  • Brown, Alessio J. G. & Merkl, Christian & Snower, Dennis J., 2007. "Einstellungsgutscheine effektiver als Kombilöhne: Reformkonzepte zur Erhöhung der Beschäftigung im Niedriglohnbereich. Niedriglohnsektor," Open Access Publications from Kiel Institute for the World Economy 3966, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:ifwkie:3966
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Brown, Alessio J.G. & Merkl, Christian & Snower, Dennis J., 2011. "Comparing the effectiveness of employment subsidies," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 18(2), pages 168-179, April.
    2. Lucas, Robert Jr, 1976. "Econometric policy evaluation: A critique," Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy, Elsevier, vol. 1(1), pages 19-46, January.
    3. Bonin, Holger & Schneider, Hilmar, 2006. "Workfare: Eine wirksame Alternative zum Kombilohn," Wirtschaftsdienst – Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftspolitik (1949 - 2007), ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 86(10), pages 645-650.
    4. Oskamp, Frank & Snower, Dennis J., 2006. "The effect of low-wage subsidies on skills and employment," Kiel Working Papers 1292, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    5. Hans-Werner Sinn & Christian Holzner & Wolfgang Meister & Wolfgang Ochel & Martin Werding, 2006. "Aktivierende Sozialhilfe 2006 - das Kombilohn-Modell des ifo Instituts," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 59(02), pages 06-27, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Daniel D. Schnitzlein & Jens Stephani, 2011. "Lohnmobilität von jüngeren Geringverdienern in Deutschland," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 80(4), pages 13-30.

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