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The causal effect of family physician program on the prevalence, screening, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in an Eastern Mediterranean Region: a causal difference-in-differences analysis

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  • Mohammadi, Neda
  • Alizadeh, Ahad
  • Moghaddam, Sahar Saeedi
  • Ghasemi, Erfan
  • Ahmadi, Naser
  • Yaseri, Mehdi
  • Rezaei, Negar
  • Mansournia, Mohammad Ali

Abstract

Hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM) as part of non-communicable diseases are among the most common causes of death worldwide, especially in the WHO’s Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR). The family physician program (FPP) proposed by WHO is a health strategy to provide primary health care and improve the community’s awareness of non-communicable diseases. Since there was no clear focus on the causal effect of FPP on the prevalence, screening, and awareness of HTN and DM, the primary objective of this study is to determine the causal effect of FPP on these factors in Iran, which is an EMR country. We conducted a repeated cross-sectional design based on two independent surveys of 42,776 adult participants in 2011 and 2016, of which 2301 individuals were selected from two regions where the family physician program was implemented (FPP) and where it wasn't (non-FPP). We used an Inverse Probability Weighting difference-in-differences and Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation analysis to estimate the average treatment effects on treated (ATT) using R version 4.1.1. The FPP implementation increased the screening (ATT = 36%, 95% CI: (27%, 45%), P -value

Suggested Citation

  • Mohammadi, Neda & Alizadeh, Ahad & Moghaddam, Sahar Saeedi & Ghasemi, Erfan & Ahmadi, Naser & Yaseri, Mehdi & Rezaei, Negar & Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, 2023. "The causal effect of family physician program on the prevalence, screening, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in an Eastern Mediterranean Region: a causal differe," Open Access Publications from Kiel Institute for the World Economy 273505, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:ifwkie:273505
    DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16074-z
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Anders Fredriksson & Gustavo Magalhães de Oliveira, 2019. "Impact evaluation using Difference-in-Differences," RAUSP Management Journal, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 54(4), pages 519-532, October.
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    Keywords

    Family physician program; Hypertension; Diabetes mellitus; Diference-in-diference; TMLE; Iran;
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