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Inflation dynamics in the euro area and the role of expectations: further results

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  • Paloviita, Maritta

Abstract

This paper examines the empirical performance of the New Keynesian Phillips curve and its hybrid specification in the euro area. Instead of imposing rational expectations, direct measures, ie OECD forecasts, are used as empirical proxies for economic agents inflation expectations.Real marginal costs are proxied by three different measures.The results suggest that OECD inflation forecasts perform relatively well as a proxy for inflation expectations in the euro area, since under this approach the European inflation process can be modeled using the forward-looking New Keynesian Phillips curve.However, inflation can be modeled even more accurately by the hybrid Phillips curve.Thus, even allowing for possible non-rationality in expectations, the additional lagged inflation term is needed in the New Keynesian Phillips relation.In this approach, the output gap turns out to be at least as good a proxy for real marginal costs as the labor income share.Moreover, the inflation process seems to have become more forward-looking in the recent years of low and stable inflation.

Suggested Citation

  • Paloviita, Maritta, 2004. "Inflation dynamics in the euro area and the role of expectations: further results," Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 21/2004, Bank of Finland.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:bofrdp:rdp2004_021
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    File URL: https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/211989/1/bof-rdp2004-021.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ash, J. C. K. & Smyth, D. J. & Heravi, S. M., 1998. "Are OECD forecasts rational and useful?: a directional analysis," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 14(3), pages 381-391, September.
    2. Padula, Mario & Backé, Peter, 2003. "Inflation dynamics and subjective expectations in the United States," Working Paper Series 222, European Central Bank.
    3. Mr. Michael J. Artis, 1996. "How Accurate Are the Imf's Short-Term Forecasts? Another Examination of the World Economic Outlook," IMF Working Papers 1996/089, International Monetary Fund.
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    Cited by:

    1. Männistö, Hanna-Leena, 2005. "Forecasting with a forward-looking DGE model: combining long-run views of financial markes with macro forecasting," Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 21/2005, Bank of Finland.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Phillips curve; expectations; euro area;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
    • C52 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Model Evaluation, Validation, and Selection

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