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A Markov Model of Production, Trade, and Money: Theory and Artificial Life Simulation

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  • Herbert Gintis

Abstract

The paper generalizes the Kiyotaki-Wright trade model by treating the trading period as a finite game, so Nash's theorem can be used to prove the existence of equilibrium, and by treating the economy as a Markov process, so an ergodic theorem can be used to show the existence of equilibria with desirable properties (e.g., in which money exists). A Markov model of trade also allows us to add complexity to the economy without adding corresponding complexity to the analysis of the model's properties. The paper also provides artificial life simulations of the Markov economy suggesting that monetary equilibria are dynamically stable and do not require high levels of learning or information processing on the part of agents.

Suggested Citation

  • Herbert Gintis, 1997. "A Markov Model of Production, Trade, and Money: Theory and Artificial Life Simulation," Research in Economics 97-01-006e, Santa Fe Institute.
    • Handle: RePEc:wop:safire:97-01-006e
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rubinstein, Ariel, 1982. "Perfect Equilibrium in a Bargaining Model," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 50(1), pages 97-109, January.
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    7. S. Rao Aiyagari & Neil Wallace, 1991. "Existence of Steady States with Positive Consumption in the Kiyotaki-Wright Model," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 58(5), pages 901-916.
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