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Air Accessibility In Northern Canada: Prospects And Lessons For Remoter Communities

Author

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  • Alda Metrass Mendes
  • Richard de Neufville
  • Ã lvaro Costa

Abstract

This paper assesses the impact of Canada's air transportation policy on air accessibility of remote and arctic communities in a context of liberalization of the aviation industry. The central objective is to examine policy's impact on essential air service – travel and shipment. An observational study of the federal government's National Airports Policy (NAP) of divesting smaller airports to local entities is conducted using airport cases both inside and outside the National Airports System (NAS) covering 12 communities in Ontario (Ont.), Manitoba (Man.), British Columbia (B.C.), Quebec (Que.), the Northwestern Territories (NWT), and Yukon Territory (YT). The paper also evaluates the impact of Airports Operations and Maintenance Subsidy Program (O&MSP) and investigates the impact of several federal government departments in assuring air accessibility to remote areas. It is argued that: (a) local management allows for greater entrepreneurship and leads to some efficiency gains, (b) remote and arctic airports seem to be unable to sustain and operate their infrastructures without receiving local or federal contributions, and (c) Health Canada, Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (INAC), and Inuit organizations, such as the Makivik Corporation through its subsidiaries carriers First Air and Air Inuit, play a significant role in making air travel accessible. It concludes that, although the decentralization strategy and the subsidy mechanisms are benefiting remote communities, Canada's policy success is constrained by its failure to incorporate changing conditions, loss of focus, and flaws in performance evaluation. Keywords: National Airports Policy (NAP), Remote airports, Arctic airports, Inuit organizations, Health Canada, Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (INAC), Canada.

Suggested Citation

  • Alda Metrass Mendes & Richard de Neufville & Ã lvaro Costa, 2011. "Air Accessibility In Northern Canada: Prospects And Lessons For Remoter Communities," ERSA conference papers ersa11p1647, European Regional Science Association.
    • Handle: RePEc:wiw:wiwrsa:ersa11p1647
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Merkert, Rico & O’Fee, Basil, 2016. "Managerial perceptions of incentives for and barriers to competing for regional PSO air service contracts," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 22-33.
    3. Bråthen, Svein & Eriksen, Knut Sandberg, 2018. "Regional aviation and the PSO system – Level of Service and social efficiency," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 248-256.
    4. Das, Amit Kumar & Bardhan, Amit Kumar & Fageda, Xavier, 2020. "New regional aviation policy in India: Early indicators and lessons learnt," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    5. Salesi, Vinolia Kilinaivoni & Kan Tsui, Wai Hong & Fu, Xiaowen & Gilbey, Andrew, 2022. "Stakeholder perceptions of the impacts of aviation subsidies in the South Pacific Region," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 103(C).
    6. Aisling Reynolds-Feighan, 2017. "Small community impacts of liberalization and the provision of social air services," Chapters, in: Matthias Finger & Kenneth Button (ed.), Air Transport Liberalization, chapter 12, pages 220-243, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    7. Merkert, Rico & O’Fee, Basil, 2013. "Efficient procurement of public air services—Lessons learned from European transport authorities' perspectives," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 118-125.
    8. Leão e Silva, Celso José & de Andrade, Maurício Oliveira & Falcão, Viviane Adriano & da Silva, Carlos Fabricio Assunção, 2022. "The geographical characteristics of subsidized air routes serving as lifelines," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 104(C).
    9. Merkert, Rico & Beck, Matthew J., 2020. "Can a strategy of integrated air-bus services create a value proposition for regional aviation management?," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 527-539.
    10. Pita, João P. & Adler, Nicole & Antunes, António P., 2014. "Socially-oriented flight scheduling and fleet assignment model with an application to Norway," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 17-32.

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