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Sozialpolitik bei Budgetengpässen und Fiskalpakt

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  • Karl Aiginger

Abstract

Europa steht im Banne der Budgetkonsolidierung und verschärft die fiskalischen Regeln. Es konnte nicht verhindern, dass 2012 eine Rezession eingetreten ist und die Schulden besonders in Südeuropa weiter steigen. Gleichzeitig nehmen die Arbeitslosigkeit und die sozialen Unterschiede zu. Die Sozialpolitik liegt großteils in nationaler Kompetenz, wird aber dennoch immer stärker von europäischen Regeln geprägt und steht vor großen Herausforderungen. Neue Aufgaben können nicht mehr durch zusätzliche Steuern finanziert werden, da die Staatsausgaben schon bei 50% der Wirtschaftsleistung liegen und schon heute nicht voll durch Einnahmen gedeckt sind. Neue Aufgaben sind nur dann zu bewältigen, wenn die Probleme frühzeitig erkannt oder das Auftreten von Problemen sogar verhindert wird, so z. B. durch Bildungspolitik oder Gesundheitsprävention, bevor die Kosten von Arbeitslosigkeit, Krankheit und Pflege anfallen. Die Zukunftsinvestitionen und die Jugendbeschäftigung entscheiden sowohl über die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit der Wirtschaft als auch über die Akzeptanz des europäischen Modells, vor allem bei der Jugend. Der gegenwärtige europäische Wachstumspfad ist sozial unausgewogen und mit weiter steigendem Ressourcenverbrauch verbunden. Eine moderne Sozialpolitik ist keine isolierte Teilpolitik, sondern mit Bildungs- und Innovationspolitik vernetzt und immer stärker international. Um einerseits neue soziale Probleme auch in einer Phase der Budgetkonsolidierung aktiv anzusprechen und andererseits ihre Kosten einzuschränken, wäre auf europäischer Ebene ein Sozialpakt in Ergänzung des Fiskalpaktes sinnvoll.

Suggested Citation

  • Karl Aiginger, 2012. "Sozialpolitik bei Budgetengpässen und Fiskalpakt," WIFO Working Papers 440, WIFO.
  • Handle: RePEc:wfo:wpaper:y:2012:i:440
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Karl Aiginger, 2012. "A Systemic Industrial Policy to Pave a New Growth Path for Europe," WIFO Working Papers 421, WIFO.
    2. Karl Aiginger & Stefan Ederer & Olaf Cramme & Roger Liddle & Renaud Thillaye, 2012. "Reconciling the Short and the Long Run: Governance Reforms to Solve the Crisis and Beyond. WWWforEurope Policy Brief No. 1," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 46058.
    3. Karl Aiginger & Michael Böheim & Kristina Budimir & Norbert Gruber & Hans Pitlik & Margit Schratzenstaller-Altzinger & Ewald Walterskirchen, 2010. "Optionen zur Konsolidierung der öffentlichen Haushalte in Österreich," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 38441.
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    Keywords

    Social policy; budget consolidation; fiscal compact; social compact;
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