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Market-based instruments for international aviation and shipping as a source of climate finance

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  • Keen, Michael
  • Parry, Ian
  • Strand, Jon

Abstract

The international aviation and maritime sectors today enjoy relatively favorable tax treatment, as their fuels are not taxed and the sectors are not subject to any value-added tax or turnover tax. Nor are these fuel uses subject to any global measures to reduce their associated CO2 emissions, even though they represent at least 5 percent of the global greenhouse gas emissions. A carbon charge on fuels for international aviation and shipping equal to $25 per tonne of emitted CO2 could raise about $12 billion from aviation and about $26 billion from shipping by 2020. Market-based instruments ought to be used to raise such revenue, preferably charges based on the carbon contents of fuels. Such charges would also scale back emissions by at least 5-10 percent. Developing countries ought to be able to keep their own tax revenue, and additional compensation to them for the economic burdens of these carbon charges may be warranted. Such compensation would constitute at most 40 percent of the raised global revenue. Implementing these charges can be a challenge, especially for aviation, where a large number of bilateral air-service agreements would need to be rewritten.

Suggested Citation

  • Keen, Michael & Parry, Ian & Strand, Jon, 2012. "Market-based instruments for international aviation and shipping as a source of climate finance," Policy Research Working Paper Series 5950, The World Bank.
    • Handle: RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:5950
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Hummels, David & Lugovskyy, Volodymyr & Skiba, Alexandre, 2009. "The trade reducing effects of market power in international shipping," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 89(1), pages 84-97, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Rosa Maria Arnaldo Valdés & Victor Fernando Gomez Comendador & Luis Manuel Braga Campos, 2021. "How Much Can Carbon Taxes Contribute to Aviation Decarbonization by 2050," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-13, January.
    2. Margit Schratzenstaller-Altzinger & Alexander Krenek, 2016. "Sustainability-oriented EU Taxes:The Example of a European Carbon-based Flight Ticket Tax," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 58888.
    3. Alexander Krenek & Margit Schratzenstaller, 2017. "Sustainability-oriented tax-based own resources for the European Union: a European carbon-based flight ticket tax," Empirica, Springer;Austrian Institute for Economic Research;Austrian Economic Association, vol. 44(4), pages 665-686, November.
    4. Peeters, Paul M. & Eijgelaar, Eke, 2014. "Tourism's climate mitigation dilemma: Flying between rich and poor countries," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 15-26.
    5. Alexander Krenek & Mark Sommer & Margit Schratzenstaller-Altzinger, 2020. "A WTO-compatible Border Tax Adjustment for the ETS to Finance the EU Budget," WIFO Working Papers 596, WIFO.
    6. Bofinger, Heinrich & Strand, Jon, 2013. "Calculating the carbon footprint from different classes of air travel," Policy Research Working Paper Series 6471, The World Bank.
    7. Atanas Pekanov & Margit Schratzenstaller-Altzinger, 2019. "A Global Financial Transaction Tax. Theory, Practice and Potential Revenues," WIFO Working Papers 582, WIFO.
    8. Assmann, Lisa & Andersson, Jonas & Eskeland, Gunnar S., 2015. "Missing in Action? Speed optimization and slow steaming in maritime shipping," Discussion Papers 2015/13, Norwegian School of Economics, Department of Business and Management Science.
    9. Alexander Krenek & Mark Sommer & Margit Schratzenstaller-Altzinger, 2019. "Sustainability-oriented Future EU Funding. A European Border Carbon Adjustment," WIFO Working Papers 587, WIFO.
    10. Margit Schratzenstaller-Altzinger, 2017. "The Next Multiannual Financial Framework (MFF), its Structure and the Own Resources," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 60722.

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