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Intrapreneurship versus independent entrepreneurship: A cross-national analysis of individual entrepreneurial behavior

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  • N.S. Bosma
  • E. Stam
  • S. Wennekers

Abstract

This paper presents the results of the first international comparative study of intrapreneurship and independent entrepreneurship. The prevalence of intrapreneurship is about twice as high in high income countries as in low income countries. We find that at the individual level, intrapreneurs are much more likely to have the intention to start a new independent business than other employees. However, there is a negative correlation between intrapreneurship and early-stage entrepreneurial activity at the macro level. One explanation for these contrasting outcomes is the diverging micro level effect of education on intrapreneurship (positive effect) and early-stage entrepreneurial activity (negative effect).

Suggested Citation

  • N.S. Bosma & E. Stam & S. Wennekers, 2011. "Intrapreneurship versus independent entrepreneurship: A cross-national analysis of individual entrepreneurial behavior," Working Papers 11-04, Utrecht School of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:use:tkiwps:1104
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    File URL: https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/218872/11-04.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Philipp Koellinger, 2008. "Why are some entrepreneurs more innovative than others?," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 31(1), pages 21-37, June.
    2. Jeroen de Jong & Sander Wennekers, 2008. "Intrapreneurship; Conceptualizing entrepreneurial employee behaviour," Scales Research Reports H200802, EIM Business and Policy Research.
    3. Justin van der Sluis & Mirjam van Praag & Wim Vijverberg, 2005. "Entrepreneurship Selection and Performance: A Meta-Analysis of the Impact of Education in Developing Economies," The World Bank Economic Review, World Bank, vol. 19(2), pages 225-261.
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    Cited by:

    1. Annamária BENYOVSZKI & Ágnes NAGY & Tünde Petra PETRU, 2013. "Is there a difference between intrapreneurs and early-stage entrepreneurs in Romania?," Theoretical and Applied Economics, Asociatia Generala a Economistilor din Romania / Editura Economica, vol. 0(6(583)), pages 53-60, June.
    2. Nyström, Kristina, 2012. "Entrepreneurial employees: Are they different from independent entrepreneurs?," Working Paper Series in Economics and Institutions of Innovation 281, Royal Institute of Technology, CESIS - Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies.
    3. Shaomeng Jia & Joshua K. Bedi, 2022. "To Assimilate or Not to Assimilate? A Cross-country Study on Assimilating Entrepreneurial Tendencies," Journal of Private Enterprise, The Association of Private Enterprise Education, vol. 37(Spring 20), pages 1-31.
    4. Niels Bosma & Sander Wennekers & F. Stam, 2013. "Institutions and the allocation of entrepreneurship across new and established organizations," Scales Research Reports H201213, EIM Business and Policy Research.
    5. Nina Afriyie, Lemayon L. MelyokiAuthor-Name: Nina Afriyie, Lemayon L. Melyoki & Mariam Nchimbi, 2020. "The Influence of Employee Self-efficacy, Outcome Expectation and Firm Resources on Intrapreneurial Behaviour: Insight from Ghana," Athens Journal of Business & Economics, Athens Institute for Education and Research (ATINER), vol. 6(4), pages 349-376, October.
    6. Audretsch, David B. & Lehmann, Erik E. & Menter, Matthias & Wirsching, Katharine, 2021. "Intrapreneurship and absorptive capacities: The dynamic effect of labor mobility," Technovation, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    7. Elert, Niklas & Stam, Erik & Stenkula, Mikael, 2019. "Intrapreneurship and Trust," Working Paper Series 1280, Research Institute of Industrial Economics.
    8. Cátia Rosário & Celeste Varum & Anabela Botelho, 2024. "Comparison of the Profile of Portuguese Companies That Receive Public Support for Innovation: National Support vs. European Support," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-23, March.
    9. John Bosco Nnyanzi & Bruno L. Yawe & John Ddumba-Ssentamu, 2019. "Entrepreneurship and Economic Performance in Africa: A Sectoral Analysis with Focus on the Role of Finance, Institutions and Globalization," International Journal of Economics and Finance, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 11(1), pages 37-55, January.
    10. Alexandru Agapie & Cristian Vizitiu & Silvia Elena Cristache & Marian Năstase & Liliana Crăciun & Anca Gabriela Molănescu, 2018. "Analysis of Corporate Entrepreneurship in Public R&D Institutions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-14, July.
    11. Ljunge, Martin & Stenkula, Mikael, 2021. "Fertile soil for intrapreneurship: impartial institutions and human capital," Journal of Institutional Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 17(3), pages 489-508, June.
    12. Henry, Colette & Lahikainen, Katja, 2024. "Exploring Intrapreneurial Activities in the Context of the Entrepreneurial University: An analysis of five EU HEIs," Technovation, Elsevier, vol. 129(C).

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    Keywords

    intrapreneurship; comparative entrepreneurship; economic development; industrial organization; multi-level analysis;
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