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The incidence and transfer of knowledge in the Arab countries

Author

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  • Nour, Samia Satti Osman Mohamed

    (Faculty of Economic and Social Studies, Khartoum University, and UNU-MERIT)

Abstract

In this paper we use the systematic, descriptive and statistical approaches, fill the gap in the Arab literature and present a more comprehensive analysis of the important ways of enhancing the incidence and transfer of knowledge in the Arab countries. Different from the conventional view in the literature that use the conventional classification of countries according to income level, an interesting element in our analysis is that we use a more comprehensive classification not only by income level but also by geographic location and the structure of the economy to examine the important ways of enhancing the incidence and transfer of knowledge in the Arab countries. We find that somewhat surprising the classification of Arab countries by income level provides inconclusive evidences in terms of capacity to create knowledge. Our findings support the first hypothesis that the components of knowledge show positive correlation with economic growth and hence can be used to enhance economic growth and promote human capital in the Arab countries. Our results corroborate the second and third hypotheses that the incidence and transfer of knowledge can be enhanced by institutional support in the form of subsidies and incentives to knowledge components (education, R&D and ICT). The major policy implication from our findings is that in order to benefit from integration in global knowledge economy the Arab countries should create the most appropriate political, economic, educational, technological and scientific institutions. The Arab countries should stimulate local efforts and incentives for building and transferring knowledge and should pay more attention to enhance institutions setting, especially, effective system of intellectual property rights protection to motivate the creation and transfer of knowledge. Apart from the role of Arab governments, it is essential for Arab societies to support the culture aimed at fostering and enhancing the incidence and transfer of knowledge.

Suggested Citation

  • Nour, Samia Satti Osman Mohamed, 2010. "The incidence and transfer of knowledge in the Arab countries," MERIT Working Papers 2010-064, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT).
    • Handle: RePEc:unm:unumer:2010064
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Verspagen, Bert & Schoenmakers, Wilfred, 2000. "The Spatial Dimension of Knowledge Spillovers in Europe: Evidence from Firm Patenting Data," Research Memorandum 016, Maastricht University, Maastricht Economic Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT).
    2. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP),, 2004. "Arab Human Development Report 2003: Building a Knowledge Society," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9789211261578.
    3. Smith, Keith, 2002. "What is the 'Knowledge Economy'? Knowledge Intensity and Distributed Knowledge Bases," UNU-INTECH Discussion Paper Series 2002-06, United Nations University - INTECH.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Nour, Samia, 2011. "The importance (impact) of knowledge at the macro-micro levels in Sudan," MERIT Working Papers 2011-034, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT).
    2. Samia Nour, 2015. "Overview of Knowledge Economy in the Arab Region," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 6(4), pages 870-904, December.
    3. Nour, S., 2014. "Challenges and opportunities for transition to knowledge-based economy in Arab Gulf countries," MERIT Working Papers 2014-030, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT).
    4. Satti Osman Mohamed Nour, Samia, 2019. "Knowledge Economy and Economic Development in the Arab Region," MERIT Working Papers 2019-009, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT).
    5. Nour, S., 2014. "Transition to a knowledge-based economy in Saudi Arabia," MERIT Working Papers 2014-029, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    : Tacit Knowledge; Codified Knowledge; Transfer of Knowledge; Arab countries;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O10 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - General
    • O11 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
    • O30 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - General

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