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Clusters of Least Developed Countries, their evolution between 1993 and 2013, and policies to expand their productive capacity

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  • Giovanna Andrea Cornia
  • Antonio Scognamillo

Abstract

The conventional approach to least developed country (LDC) graduation has considered these countries as an undifferentiated group whose problems could be solved by means of similar measures focussing on domestic and international liberalisation, preferential aid allocations, and the promotion of their exports by means of trade preferences and free market access. This paper tries to go beyond this analytical and policy tradition and attempts to identify different LDC clusters in which underdevelopment is caused by specific economic and social conditions, and for which the solution depends not only on traditional support measures, but also on the implementation of differentiated, country-specific policies sensitive to the local context.

Suggested Citation

  • Giovanna Andrea Cornia & Antonio Scognamillo, 2016. "Clusters of Least Developed Countries, their evolution between 1993 and 2013, and policies to expand their productive capacity," CDP Background Papers 033, United Nations, Department of Economics and Social Affairs.
    • Handle: RePEc:une:cpaper:033
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jeffrey D. Sachs & Andrew M. Warner, 1995. "Natural Resource Abundance and Economic Growth," NBER Working Papers 5398, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Cornia, Giovanni Andrea (ed.), 2014. "Falling Inequality in Latin America: Policy Changes and Lessons," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780198701804.
    3. Erten, Bilge & Ocampo, José Antonio, 2013. "Super Cycles of Commodity Prices Since the Mid-Nineteenth Century," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 14-30.
    4. Liliana Rojas-Suarez, 2007. "The Provision of Banking Services in Latin America: Obstacles and Recommendations," Working Papers 124, Center for Global Development.
    5. Cornia, Giovanni Andrea (ed.), 2004. "Inequality, Growth, and Poverty in an Era of Liberalization and Globalization," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780199271412.
    6. Mundlak, Yair, 1978. "On the Pooling of Time Series and Cross Section Data," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 46(1), pages 69-85, January.
    7. Stephan Klasen, 2003. "In Search of The Holy Grail: How to Achieve Pro-Poor Growth ?," Ibero America Institute for Econ. Research (IAI) Discussion Papers 096, Ibero-America Institute for Economic Research.
    8. Addison, Tony (ed.), 2003. "From Conflict to Recovery in Africa," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780199261031.
    9. Léonce Ndikumana, 2014. "Capital Flight and Tax Havens: Impact on Investment and Growth in Africa," Revue d’économie du développement, De Boeck Université, vol. 22(HS02), pages 99-124.
    10. Mustafizur Rahman, 2014. "Trade Benefits for Least Developed Countries: the Bangladesh Case Market Access Initiatives, Limitations and Policy Recommendations," CDP Background Papers 018, United Nations, Department of Economics and Social Affairs.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Giovanni Andrea Cornia, 2020. "Is Rising Inequality Unavoidable in a Globalizing Economy Characterized by Rapid Technical Change?," The Indian Journal of Labour Economics, Springer;The Indian Society of Labour Economics (ISLE), vol. 63(1), pages 39-65, March.
    2. Cornia Giovanni Andrea, 2018. "Eradicating Poverty by the Year 2030: Implications for Income Inequality, Population Policies, Food Prices (and Faster Growth?)," Journal of Globalization and Development, De Gruyter, vol. 9(2), pages 1-21, December.
    3. Marinoiu Cristian, 2018. "A Cluster Analysis Of Eu Member Countries From The Perspective Of The Use Of Renewable Energy," Annals - Economy Series, Constantin Brancusi University, Faculty of Economics, vol. 6, pages 37-45, December.
    4. Committee for Development Policy Secretariat, 2018. "Lessons Learned in Developing Productive Capacity: Fourteen Case Studies," CDP Background Papers 037, United Nations, Department of Economics and Social Affairs.
    5. Giovanni Andrea Cornia, 2018. "Eradicating poverty by 2030: Implications for Income Inequality, Population Policies, Food Prices (and Faster Growth?)," CDP Background Papers 040, United Nations, Department of Economics and Social Affairs.
    6. Gnangnon, Sèna Kimm, 2021. "Effect of Development Aid on Productive Capacities," EconStor Preprints 233973, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.
    7. Hoi Wai Jackie Cheng, 2020. "Economic properties of data and the monopolistic tendencies of data economy: policies to limit an Orwellian possibility," Working Papers 164, United Nations, Department of Economics and Social Affairs.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    least developed countries; cluster analysis; productive capacity; graduation; country-specific policy measures;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F35 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Foreign Aid
    • F55 - International Economics - - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy - - - International Institutional Arrangements
    • O19 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - International Linkages to Development; Role of International Organizations
    • O57 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Comparative Studies of Countries

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