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The provisions on closer co-operation in the treaty of Amsterdam: The politics of flexibility in the European Union

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  • Eric Philippart
  • Geoffrey Edwards

Abstract

The provisions on closer co-operation are the main conceptual and procedural innovation introduced by the Treaty of Amsterdam. This article examines the philosophy of the new system through a systematic review of the methods and the underlying principles. It then discusses the meaning and implications of this general mechanism of flexibility for the EU integration process. * We would like to thank among others Alan Dashwood, Christian Deubner, Claus Ehlerman, Jörg Monar and Jean-Victor Louis for the part they have played in discussions on flexibility. We are also indebted to Alexander Stubb for his comments. This research was made possible thanks to the Philippe Wiener and Maurice Anspach Foundation.

Suggested Citation

  • Eric Philippart & Geoffrey Edwards, 1999. "The provisions on closer co-operation in the treaty of Amsterdam: The politics of flexibility in the European Union," ULB Institutional Repository 2013/167095, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    • Handle: RePEc:ulb:ulbeco:2013/167095
    Note: SCOPUS: ar.j
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    Cited by:

    1. Kene Boun My & Alban Verchere & Stephane Bertrand, 2009. "Does Bilateralism Foster Co‐operation in Europe? An Experimental Approach of Comparative Merits of Bilateralism and Multilateralism," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 47(4), pages 891-910, September.
    2. repec:bla:jcmkts:v:47:y:2009:i::p:891-910 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Kubin Tomasz, 2017. "Enhanced Cooperation, EMU Reforms and Their Implications for Differentiation in the European Union," TalTech Journal of European Studies, Sciendo, vol. 7(2), pages 84-106, October.
    4. Frank Schimmelfennig & Thomas Winzen, 2014. "Instrumental and Constitutional Differentiation in the European Union," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 52(2), pages 354-370, March.

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