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Existence and uniqueness of equilibrium for a spatial model of social interactions

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  • Blanchet, Adrien
  • Mossay, Pascal
  • Santambrogio, Filippo

Abstract

We extend Beckmann’s spatial model of social interactions to the case of a two-dimensional spatial economy involving a large class of utility functions, accessing costs, and space-dependent amenities. We show that spatial equilibria derive from a potential functional. By proving the existence of a minimiser of the functional, we obtain that of a spatial equilibrium. Under mild conditions on the primitives of the economy, the functional is shown to satisfy displacement convexity, a concept used in the theory of optimal transportation. This provides a variational characterisation of spatial equilibria. Moreover, the strict displacement convexity of the functional ensures the uniqueness of spatial equilibrium. Also, the spatial symmetry of equilibrium is derived from that of the spatial primitives of the economy. Several examples illustrate the scope of our results. In particular, the emergence of multiple of equilibria in the circular economy is interpreted as a lack of convexity of the problem.

Suggested Citation

  • Blanchet, Adrien & Mossay, Pascal & Santambrogio, Filippo, 2014. "Existence and uniqueness of equilibrium for a spatial model of social interactions," TSE Working Papers 14-489, Toulouse School of Economics (TSE).
  • Handle: RePEc:tse:wpaper:28212
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    Cited by:

    1. Pascal Mossay & Pierre Picard, 2019. "Spatial segregation and urban structure," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 59(3), pages 480-507, June.
    2. Carmen Camacho & Agustín Pérez-Barahona, 2017. "The diffusion of economic activity across space: a new approach," Working Papers halshs-01670532, HAL.
    3. Pierre Degond & Jian-Guo Liu & Christian Ringhofer, 2014. "Evolution of wealth in a nonconservative economy driven by local Nash equilibria," Working Papers hal-00967662, HAL.
    4. Augeraud Veron, E. & Marhuenda, F. & Picard, P.M., 2021. "Local social interaction and urban equilibria," Mathematical Social Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 72-83.
    5. Pierre Degond & Jian-Guo Liu & Christian Ringhofer, 2013. "Evolution of the distribution of wealth in an economic environment driven by local Nash equilibria," Papers 1307.1685, arXiv.org.
    6. MORI Tomoya, 2018. "Spatial Pattern and City Size Distribution," Discussion papers 18053, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    7. Pierre Degond & Jian-Guo Liu & Christian Ringhofer, 2014. "Evolution of wealth in a nonconservative economy driven by local Nash equilibria," Papers 1403.7800, arXiv.org.
    8. Takashi Akamatsu & Tomoya Mori & Minoru Osawa & Yuki Takayama, 2019. "Spatial scale of agglomeration and dispersion: Number, spacing, and the spatial extent of cities," Papers 1912.05113, arXiv.org, revised Aug 2024.
    9. Akamatsu, Takashi & Fujishima, Shota & Takayama, Yuki, 2017. "Discrete-space agglomeration model with social interactions: Multiplicity, stability, and continuous limit of equilibria," Journal of Mathematical Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 22-37.
    10. Osawa, Minoru & Akamatsu, Takashi, 2019. "Emergence of Urban Landscapes: Equilibrium Selection in a Model of Internal Structure of the Cities," MPRA Paper 92395, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    11. Ioannides, Yannis M., 2015. "Neighborhoods to nations via social interactions," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 5-15.
    12. Carmen Camacho & Agustín Pérez-Barahona, 2017. "The diffusion of economic activity across space: a new approach," PSE Working Papers halshs-01670532, HAL.
    13. Akamatsu, Takashi & Mori, Tomoya & Osawa, Minoru & Takayama, Yuki, 2017. "Spatial scale of agglomeration and dispersion: Theoretical foundations and empirical implications," MPRA Paper 80689, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    14. Adrien Blanchet & Guillaume Carlier, 2016. "Optimal Transport and Cournot-Nash Equilibria," Mathematics of Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 41(1), pages 125-145, February.
    15. Pierre Degond & Jian-Guo Liu & Christian Ringhofer, 2014. "Evolution of wealth in a nonconservative economy driven by local Nash equilibria," Post-Print hal-00967662, HAL.
    16. Vincent Boitier, 2014. "Unemployment Dispersion and City Configurations: Beyond the Bid Rent Theory," Working Papers hal-00999559, HAL.

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    Keywords

    social interaction; spatial equilibria; multiple cities; optimal transportation; displacement convexity;
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