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Securite et stabilite du revenu a la retraite au Canada

Author

Listed:
  • Picot, Garnett
  • Larochelle-Cote, Sebastien
  • Myles, John

Abstract

Des recherches anterieures ont montre que le systeme de pension du Canada est relativement efficace pour ce qui est d'aider les personnes agees a echapper a la pauvrete. Toutefois, la mesure dans laquelle le systeme de pension permet aux particuliers et aux familles de maintenir a la retraite les niveaux de vie atteints durant leurs annees de vie active (securite du revenu) est moins bien connue. Pour aider a combler cette lacune dans les connaissances, nous nous appuyons sur des donnees longitudinales portant sur une periode de 20 ans pour faire le suivi des personnes a partir de 55 ans et pendant leurs annees de retraite. Nous utilisons diverses mesures du revenu familial de la personne pour examiner quatre grandes questions : la variation des niveaux de revenu au cours de la retraite; le role que diverses sources de revenu jouent dans cette variation; la variation des taux de remplacement au fil du temps et entre les personnes pauvres et les personnes riches; enfin, le degre de stabilite a long terme des revenus personnels. Pour les travailleurs a revenu moyen, le revenu familial baisse apres 60 ans, diminue jusqu'à 68 ans, puis se stabilise a environ 80 % de leur niveau de revenu a 55 ans. En revanche, le revenu des personnes a faible revenu (celles dans le quintile de revenu inferieur) change peu apres 55 ans et au fil des annees de retraite, en grande partie a cause des effets de maintien du revenu du systeme de pensions public. Ces personnes connaissent des niveaux eleves d'instabilite du revenu personnel vers la fin de la cinquantaine et au debut de la soixantaine, mais l'instabilite du revenu diminue fortement a la retraite. Les personnes dans le quintile superieur connaissent a la retraite des baisses du revenu considerablement plus importantes, de sorte que l'inegalite du revenu dans une cohorte diminue au fur et a mesure que la cohorte vieillit. Les groupes de retraites plus recents ont des niveaux de revenu plus eleves que les cohortes plus anciennes, principalement a cause de pensions privees plus elevees. Cependant, les taux de remplacement ont peu change dans les cohortes. Il n'est pas sur que les recentes hausses des niveaux de revenu persisteront dans les cohortes futures, etant donne que la protection en matiere de pensions chez les jeunes travailleurs est a la baisse.

Suggested Citation

  • Picot, Garnett & Larochelle-Cote, Sebastien & Myles, John, 2008. "Securite et stabilite du revenu a la retraite au Canada," Direction des études analytiques : documents de recherche 2008306f, Statistics Canada, Direction des études analytiques.
    • Handle: RePEc:stc:stcp3f:2008306f
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Myles, John, 2000. "The Maturation of Canada's Retirement Income System: Income Levels, Income Inequality and Low Income Among the Elderly," Analytical Studies Branch Research Paper Series 2000147e, Statistics Canada, Analytical Studies Branch.
    2. James P. Smith, 2003. "Trends and Projections in Income Replacement during Retirement," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 21(4), pages 755-782, October.
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