중국 태양광·BESS 산업의 글로벌 시장 독점화와 주요국 대응(Monopolization of the Global Market for China’s Solar PV and BESS Industries and Response to Major Countries)

연구는 태양광 및 리튬이온 배터리 기반 BESS 산업을 중심으로, 중국 정부와 기업의 전략과 중국의 글로벌 공급망 장악에 대한 주요국의 대응을 종합적으로 분석하였다. 이를 통해 우리 업계에 미치는 영향을 파악하고, 한국 정부 및 기업이 활용할 수 있는 대응방안을 제시하였다. To achieve carbon neutrality and increase energy security, the international community is accelerating the energy transition to reduce fossil fuels and increase renewable energy. Solar power, in particular, has emerged as a fast-growing renewable energy source, as its generation costs have fallen to the level of fossil fuels and it is relatively easy to install. Demand is growing rapidly and is expected to exceed the cumulative installed capacity of coal by 2027. In addition, demand for energy storage systems (ESS) is growing in line with the expansion of renewable energy generation. Since the production of electricity from solar and wind power fluctuates depending on the amount of sunlight available and wind speeds, it is necessary to build an ESS to store the generated electricity and release it when it is needed. Among ESS, the demand for battery energy storage systems (BESS) based on lithium-ion batteries (LiB) is growing rapidly, as it is less constrained by location and can be easily dismantled and moved compared to pumped storage hydroelectricity, in which power is generated by utilizing altitude differences in locations such as reservoirs. The problem is that China accounts for 74.7-96.8% of capacity at each stage of the global solar supply chain, and about 70% of capacity in the upstream and midstream of the LiB-based BESS supply chain. (the rest omitted)