팬데믹 이후 국제사회의 불평등 현황과 한국의 개발 협력 과제()

팬데믹 이후 불평등 심화에 대한 우려가 고조된 가운데 본 연구는 불평등 완화 및 예방과 밀접히 관련된 교육 분야를 중심으로 불평등 완화에 기여하기 위한 한국의 개발 협력 과제를 도출하고자 한다. 이를 위해 팬데믹이 불평등에 미친 다차원적 영향과 팬데믹 전·후 국제사회의 교육 및 교육 불평등 동향을 거시적으로 살피고, 최근 개발도상국의 새로워진 교육 환경 및 회복 실태를 심층적으로 미시 분석하여 개발도상국이 직면한 교육 분야 도전 과제를 파악한다. 아울러 한국의 교육 분야 ODA 사업의 특징을 검토한 후 현지 도전 과제 해결 및 불평등 완화에 기여하기 위한 한국의 교육 분야 개발 협력 과제를 도출한다. The persistent global inequality crisis has long been a critical social issue due to its substantial economic and social cost. Despite continuous international efforts to mitigate inequality, the issue remains severe. The outbreak of COVID-19 and associated lockdown measures have further exacerbated inequality in various forms, including poverty rates, gender-based labor gaps, and educational gaps. Moreover, global inequality is expected to intensify further due to multiple post-pandemic crises like inflation, climate change, and conflicts. This study analyzes the post-pandemic inequality levels in developing countries and derives policy implications for Korea’s development cooperation to help reduce inequality, especially in the education sector. Multidimensionality of inequality requires a comprehensive approach to understand the nature of inequality and its resolutions fully. However, paradoxically, because of the vast dimensions, the complexity of inequality cannot be fully explored in a single analysis, no matter how comprehensive it might be. Hence, this study thoroughly explores a single dimension of inequality—education. Education is one of three critical components of human capital, along with inherent abilities and skills, thus crucial in mitigating and preventing inequality. Because the pandemic led to an unprecedented global disruption in education, including prolonged school closures, analyzing its effect on the education sector is even more urgent. (the rest omitted)