인도 서비스 산업 구조 분석과 한-인도 산업 협력 확대 방안(Changes in India’s Services Industry and their Policy Implications for Korea-India Cooperation)

서비스 산업은 인도 국내총생산(GDP)에서 가장 높은 비중을 차지하는 산업이다. 미국, 일본 등 주요국은 최근 인도서비스 산업의 구조적 변화에 발맞추어 해당 부문에서 협력의 폭을 넓히고 있다. 본 연구는 상대적으로 저조한 한-인도 서비스 산업 협력을 위한 정책 방향과 구체적 과제 도출을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위하여 본 연구에서는 인도 서비스 산업의 구조, 인도 정부의 서비스 산업 정책, 주요국의 대인도 서비스 산업 협력, 그리고 인도에 진출한 국내외 서비스 기업의 정책 수요를 분석하였다. The service industry has the largest share in India’s domestic production. While the Modi government has pursued various policies to grow the manufacturing sector, the role of services industry in the Indian economy still continues. IT sector has been one of the important sources for India’s service sector, but now software, internet services, and e-commerce have emerged as important sectors in India. This means that the services industry in India is undergoing structural changes in recent years. Responding to these structural shifts, many countries start to collaborate with Indian service sector. Yet, the cooperation between South Korea and India is mainly limited to the manufacturing sector. This research on India’s services industry aims to delve deeply into India’s ongoing industrial structural changes and related policies, analyze the changing demands within India’s service sector, and suggest a new direction for South Korea-India collaboration focused on manufacturing. Based on quantitative and qualitative data analysis of India’s services industry, it is evident that a diverse range of service industries are emerging in India beyond the IT and software sectors. The productivity of Indian service firms and the share of skilled labor are increasing, and there’s a notable structural shift with a significant expansion in the opening up of the service sector to foreign direct investment. India’s service sector generates the most added value within the country, and its job creation is growing significantly compared to other industries. Additionally, there’s been an increase in exports, foreign direct investment, and integration with global supply chains. Traditionally, India’s services industry was dominated by retail and public services. More recently, however, corporate facility management and business support services, including R&D, equipment leasing, data management, and marketing, have emerged as key players. Financial and insurance services and educational services, are also on the rise. Indian domestic companies in retail, telecommunication services, transportation, cultural services, and financial services are experiencing an increase in their average total factor productivity, suggesting that various service domains within India are spearheading the growth of the country’s services industry. Additionally, the proportion of highly skilled workers in India’s service sector is steadily increasing. (the rest omitted)